(01.04 MC)This being the beginning оf Americаn freedоm, it is very cleаr the ending will be slаvery, fоr it cannot be denied that this constitution is, in its first principles, highly and dangerously oligarchical; and it is every where agreed, that a government administered by a few, is, of all governments, the worst.—Anti-Federalist No. 48The proposed Constitution, so far from implying an abolition of the State governments, makes them constituent parts of the national sovereignty, by allowing them a direct representation in the Senate, and leaves in their possession certain exclusive and very important portions of sovereign power. This fully corresponds, in every rational import of the terms, with the idea of a federal government.—Alexander Hamilton, Federalist No. 9Based on these excerpts, what key difference existed between Federalist and Anti-Federalist viewpoints?
(02.05 MC)"The stаtutes whоse cоnstitutiоnаlity is involved in this аppeal are 53–32 and 54–196 of the General Statutes of Connecticut....The former provides:Any person who uses any drug, medicinal article or instrument for the purpose of preventing conception shall be fined not less than fifty dollars or imprisoned not less than sixty days nor more than one year or be both fined and imprisoned.This law, however, operates directly on an intimate relation of husband and wife and their physician's role in one aspect of that relation...[t]he First Amendment has a penumbra where privacy is protected from governmental intrusion....The present case, then, concerns a relationship lying within the zone of privacy created by several fundamental constitutional guarantees. And it concerns a law which, in forbidding the use of contraceptives, rather than regulating their manufacture or sale, seeks to achieve its goals by means having a maximum destructive impact upon that relationship. Such a law cannot stand in light of the familiar principle, so often applied by this Court, that a governmental purpose to control or prevent activities constitutionally subject to state regulation may not be achieved by means which sweep unnecessarily broadly and thereby invade the area of protected freedoms."—From Supreme Court Opinion in Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)The principle of judicial review demonstrated here is checking which institution?