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ENG 101 RHETORICAL ANALYSIS ESSAY ETHOS PARAGRAPH INSTRUCTIONS WRITING PROMPT Anаlyze аnd evаluate the effectiveness оf the use оf ethоs in Cross’s article, "Propaganda: How Not to Be Bamboozled." NOTE: All three questions on this quiz must analyze and evaluate the same article. OR Analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the use of ethos in Robson’s article, “How Self-Deception Allows People to Lie.” NOTE: All three questions on this quiz must analyze and evaluate the same article. ASSIGNMENT PARAMETERS/ APA GUIDELINES DETAILED WRITING INSTRUCTIONS FOR BODY PARAGRAPHS: Word count: 150-200 Each body paragraph should use PIETIE for development: Point, Illustrate, Explain, Transition, Illustrate, Explain. In this essay, the POINT is the topic sentence, which offers an evaluation of Cross's or Robson's use of ethos. To ILLUSTRATE the point, refer to the passages I’ve supplied here. Each body paragraph must contain the two quotes supplied below Use ICE for quoting and paraphrasing material. (Introduce, Cite, Explain). To EXPLAIN the illustration, analyze how and why the illustration supports your evaluation of Cross’s or Robson’s use of ethos. Remember that analysis and evaluation are generally the longest, most robust parts of the paragraph. How does the example function in the argument? How does it help readers connect to an aspect of Cross's or Robson's message? TRANSITION to a new example. Use transitional words or phrases to introduce the next example. ILLUSTRATE, EXPLAIN: Follow the steps for ILLUSTRATE and EXPLAIN for the second example. End with a closing sentence that links back to the effect that Cross's or Robson's use of ethos has on readers’ overall experience of the argument. PASSAGES FROM WHICH YOU MAY QUOTE IN THE ESSAY RULES: Quote twice in each body paragraph to avoid an automatic failing score! Use proper APA in-text citations. Do not use more than 40 words for each quote. If a passage contains more than 40 words, paraphrase what you can and quote the more essential wording. The in-text citations after each passage show the correct page numbers. However, these are non-narrative parenthetical in-text citations. While they are correct, you should typically use narrative APA in-text citations for most quotes. (Remember to use past tense signal verbs.) Narrative In-Text Citation Example: Cross (1977/2023) observed, "Quote" (p. 267). Narrative In-Text Citation Example: According to Robson (2022/2023), "Quote" (p. 445). "Propaganda: How Not to Be Bamboozled" by Cross ETHOS: Passage 1: [Writing About Card Stacking (a type of propaganda)] "Senator Yakalot engages in card stacking when he talks about the proposal to use smaller cars. He talks only about jobs without mentioning the cost to the taxpayers or the very real — though still denied — threat of depletion of resources. He says he wants to help his countrymen keep their jobs, but doesn’t mention that the corporations that offer the jobs will also make large profits. He praises the 'American chrome industry,' overlooking the fact that most chrome is imported. And so on" (Cross, 1977/2023, p. 265). Passage 2: [Writing about Distinguishing Between Fair and False Analogies]: "Analogies can be drawn that are reasonable and fair. It would be reasonable, for example, to compare the results of busing in one small Southern city with the possible results in another, if the towns have the same kind of history, population, and school policy. We can decide for ourselves whether an analogy is false or fair by asking, 'Are the things being compared truly alike in significant ways? Do the differences between them affect the comparison?'" (Cross, 1977/2023, p. 264). "How Self-Deception Allows People to Lie" by Robson ETHOS: Passage 1: "Let's begin with the research of Zoë Chance, an associate professor of marketing at Yale University. In an ingenious experiment from 2011, she showed that many people unconsciously employ self-deception to boost their egos" (Robson, 2022/2023, p. 441). Passage 4: "Self-deception allows us to be more confident in what we are saying, which makes us more persuasive. If you are trying to sell a dodgy product, for instance, you will make a better case if you genuinely believe it is a high-quality bargain — even if there is evidence to suggest otherwise. This hypothesis was first proposed decades ago, and a recent paper by Peter Schwardmann, an assistant professor of behavioral economics at Carnegie Mellon University, US, provides some strong evidence for this idea" (Robson, 2022/2023, p. 442).
ENG 101 RHETORICAL ANALYSIS ESSAY CONCLUSION INSTRUCTIONS Wоrd cоunt: 100-150 Cоnclude your essаy by summing up the points you’ve mаde аbout the rhetorical effectiveness of Cross’s or Robson’s argument. Make sure you leave your reader with something further to consider, as well. In other words, analyze the broader significance of Cross's or Robson's argument. For example, why are the issues brought up in the article important? For example, what would happen if readers took Cross’s (or Robson’s) article to heart? For example, how are readers helped by this information? Do not quote or paraphrase from the text in the conclusion. Do not bring in new information.