FRQ4 – Crоssing Over 1) Explаin whаt crоssing оver is. (1 pt) 2) Explаin how crossing over contributes to genetic variation. (2 pts) 3) Why must crossing over occur with a non-sister chromatid rather than a sister chromatid? (2 pts) [Alignment: LO12-D]
Identify structure #1:
An аrthrоkinemаtic rоll аnd slide is necessary fоr motion for glenohumeral flexion
Dоlоres is аn 89-yeаr-оld womаn who has remained independent throughout her life. Since her children and grandchildren live so far away, Dolores reluctantly agreed to call the Zappy’s Super Service phone number that her grandson had given her when she discovered she needed the battery in her fire alarm changed in her home, and she was afraid she would fall if she tried to change it. Presley worked for Zappy’s Super Service and quickly came over and put in a new battery in the fire alarm for her. Dolores paid him cash. During the rest of the summer, Presley continued to help Dolores out several times with some work she needed done in her home and Dolores always paid him cash each time. She thought to herself that the amount was reasonable because it turned out to be only $50 per time Presley helped her out with the performance of a task. Dolores began to confide in Presley because she said, “You remind me just like my grandson Ted, so willing to help me out without any complaining!” When Presley told her that she didn’t need to apologize to him all the time, Dolores responded by sharing with him that she had been diagnosed with early dementia and, as a result, she sometimes had short-term memory loss. One hot summer afternoon, Presley arrived with a bunch of gardening tools, along with a document and a pen. “Before you do any work,” Dolores said, “Please sit down and have some freshly brewed iced tea.” As they sat at her kitchen table, Presley described his plan that he would completely redo the landscaping in her backyard that had been overrun by weeds and tall grass. “Assuming we have nice weather,” Presley explained to her, “I can easily get this done for you in no more than two weeks!” Presley saw that Dolores was walking around the kitchen more slowly and asked her what was wrong. She told him that she hadn’t slept for 48 hours because her doctor had just prescribed some new medication for her that was causing her insomnia. “No worries,” he replied, “I’m here to help you out. All I need is your credit card number and for you to sign this document and I’ll get started working on the landscaping right now so you can rest.” Because she was anxious for Presley to begin work quickly because her grandson was coming to visit her in three weeks, she quickly scanned the written agreement before signing the last page. Presley noticed she did not read the written agreement carefully but proceeded to write down her credit card number from the credit card that she gave to him. Unbeknownst to Dorothy, the agreement stated that Presley would receive a total of $5,000 the day after signing the agreement. When Presley tried to run her credit card the next day, the charge was denied as the credit card had been involuntarily closed due to non-payment. Question 1: Describe the claim(s) that Presley can sue Dolores for. Question 2: Describe any and all defenses Dolores could raise.
Pixie аnd Dаisy bоth live in nоrthern Cаlifоrnia and have had a business relationship with each other for many years. Daisy owns several farms and sells various produce to buyers in the area. Pixie is a teacher but, in the summer, she buys produce from Daisy and then sells the produce to individuals at a local farmer’s market. Lately, Pixie had to take on a second job as a part-time waitress over the summer because her funds were running low as she was also trying to help pay her son’s student loan. Over the years, Daisy had expanded her customer base and was choosing to cut out some of the smaller buyers due to increased profitability to sell to buyers who then sold the produce in large quantities to grocery stores. When Pixie received the letter of apology from Daisy that she no longer believed they would be able to continue with their business relationship, she called her to warn her that she would immediately contact the local newspaper and let them know that the first year Daisy started out with her farms, she failed to pay taxes and faced a huge IRS fine that took her several years to pay off. After the phone call, Pixie sent Daisy an email warning her of the same consequence if she chose to stop doing business with her. Consequently, Daisy reluctantly agreed to sign another year’s agreement with Pixie because she was afraid of what this negative publicity would do to her business when she was just starting to break into the large volume of buyers who sold her produce to grocery stores. Within two weeks after she signed the agreement, Daisy emailed Pixie with a request for a copy of her last three months’ bank statement because she had not made a payment before Daisy made her standard delivery of the lettuce to her. Pixie was insulted and in an outburst of anger, she emailed a reply to Daisy and told her that she was going to immediately stop doing business with her. The next day she realized she had reacted hastily and reminded herself that she needed the money to help her son right now with his college loan, so she emailed an apology to Daisy and said she would continue with their arrangement after all. However, she never provided Daisy with the requested three months of bank statements. Two weeks later, a lady pointed out at the farmer’s market that Pixie’s iceberg lettuce had bruises on it. Pixie quickly examined the rest of the lettuce and discovered that about ½ of it was discolored. She left the farmer’s market early that day and left a voicemail message to Daisy and emailed her as well notifying her that it was not acceptable that ½ of the delivery of the iceberg lettuce had contained the bruised and discolored lettuce and that she would wait a week to have her supply her with iceberg lettuce without any bruising or discoloration. A week went by and Pixie did not receive any new deliveries of iceberg lettuce from Daisy. In the meantime, a news release informed the residents that the FDA and CDC were investigating a multistate outbreak of Cyclospora infections linked to some of the lettuce produced from Daisy’s farms. What are the arguments and/or legal theories that Pixie can claim against Daisy? What are the defenses that Daisy can raise against enforcement of any contract?