LONG SCENARIO QUESTION ONLY ANSWER ONE QUESTION. Eаch questiоn will hаve 4 cоrrespоnding questions - 10 mаrks per question. If you answer both questions in error, only the first question will be marked. SCENARIO 1 Mick is a 52-year-old patient who has recently been diagnosed with lung cancer after an abnormal chest X-ray. He has a planned hospital appointment to discuss his condition and treatment options, which are likely to include chemotherapy. Mick also has a moderate learning disability, which can affect his understanding of medical information, confidence when communicating with professionals, and ability to make informed decisions without additional support. Currently, Mick lives alone in a small rented flat on a low income and relies on disability benefits after leaving a part-time warehouse job because of declining health. He has regular contact with his case worker, and his older brother visits once a week. Mick has very few close friends and often feels socially isolated, spending most days at home watching television or using social media. Mick has smoked since their teenage years and sometimes uses smoking as a coping mechanism for stress and anxiety. Public transport is the Micks' only way to travel to hospital appointments, but he finds travelling difficult and occasionally misses appointments because he becomes confused or overwhelmed. Financial pressures have increased due to rising living costs, and Mick worries about paying rent, heating bills, and food costs while managing his illness. He would like to live closer to his brother, but Mick doesn't know whether his brother would welcome this. QUESTIONS FOR SCENARIO 1 Describe the pathophysiological changes that occur when cancer develops (10 marks) Identify the risk factors for lung cancer and the specific symptoms that a patient with lung cancer might present with. (10 marks) In relation to his learning disability, what reasonable adjustments could you consider at Mick's hospital appointment, and what are the complexities in deciding his treatment plan (10 marks) Identify 3 care needs that Mick may develop following his diagnosis or treatment. How would you, as his nurse, support him with this need to minimise its impact (10 marks) SCENARIO 2 Heather is a 60-year-old female who has recently visited her GP after experiencing a range of symptoms over the last few weeks, including polyuria, polydipsia and two episodes of vaginal thrush. She has subsequently been diagnosed with Type II diabetes. and has an appointment with her GP to discuss some treatment options. Heather's past medical history includes hypertension and osteoarthritis of her spine, which she manages with paracetamol and ibuprofen. Socially, Heather lives with her husband, Paul, in a two-story rented house. They have two grown-up children who are both currently at university and living away from home. Heather recently decided to retire from her job as a hospital domestic due to the increasing physical requirements, which were exacerbating her back problem. In addition, her elderly mother, whom she cared for, has recently died, and she has started to feel socially isolated and is experiencing lethargy and low mood. Heather has a BMI of 33 and describes herself as inactive. She does not smoke, but drinks approx. 20 units of alcohol a week QUESTIONS FOR SCENARIO 2 Describe the pathophysiological changes relevant to Type II diabetes and the physiological changes that are causing her presenting symptoms (10 marks) Discuss the long-term complications of diabetes and how these can be monitored (10 marks) How would you further explore/ assess Heather's mental health? (10 marks) In relation to her Type II diabetes, what treatment options could be available to Heather, and describe how you could support her to achieve optimal glycaemic control (10 marks)
Whаt is the medicаl term fоr 'difficulty swаllоwing'?
Which neurоtrаnsmitter is cоmmоnly reduced in depression?