Bonus question 1 The “Nash Equilibrium (NE)”, named after Nash (1950) builds on the notion that every player finds her “best response” to each of her rivals’ strategies. Nash equilibrium (NE). A strategy profile is a NE if every player chooses a best response to her rivals’ strategies. Consider a two-player simultaneous-move game represented by a payoff matrix. The players are Firm 1 and Firm 2, who independently and simultaneously choose between two technologies, technology A (environmentally friendly) and technology B (conventional, polluting). The payoff matrix lists outcomes for each possible combination of technology choices. Each cell of the matrix reports the payoff pair as follows: (the payoff to Firm 1 under the corresponding strategy profile, the payoff to Firm 2 under the corresponding strategy profile​) Please provide the strategic profile of the Nash Equilibrium (NE) _____________ Hint: In this game, there is only one NE. Hint:  We refer to a “game” every time we consider a scenario in which the action of one agent (either individual, firm, or government) affect other agents’ well-being. Elements of game: Player: The set of individuals, firms, government or countries, that interact with one another. We consider games with 2 or more players. Strategy: A complete plan describing which actions a player chooses in each possible situation (contingency). Payoff: What every player obtains under each possible strategy path

The interlocking feedback loops between mesenchyme and ectoderm are required to initiate chick forelimb bud formation and to establish the AER to begin outgrowth. Select the correctly ordered pathway that represents the signaling pathway from the mesenchyme to the ectoderm.

Which of the following statements about Drosophila homeotic genes is true?

Recently scientists have been using Xenopus (frogs) as an important biomedical research model with the goal of improving limb regeneration is humans. Their research approach is based on what feature of frog regeneration biology?

The social theory that focuses on how individuals use shared symbols and construct society through everyday interactions is called ________________________. Type in the Word(s) that should go in the missing blank.

You have a probability space with a message set consisting of all 256 characters. A code converts ” to the codeword 01001. Your friend argues that this is a waste of space, since ” takes only 1 byte in , but 5 bytes in this new format. How would you respond in detail?

The diagram below represents a hash table, where the numbers below the cells indicate indexes in the array, and a number within a cell indicates the home position of the item stored in that cell; Note: blank cells may or may not be occupied. Assume that linear probing is used in this hash table, and that deletion is not allowed. Indicate which blank cells must already be occupied within those cells. Explain your answer. Write your answer in the same format as the given sample fake answer below: The cells at indices {35, 40, 45, 50, 100,…..} must already be occupied. Because ………………your explanation…………

Consider the algorithm in below. Use it to answer the questions (a) to (d) below. template void BubbleSort(vector & toSort){ int len = toSort.size(); for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < len - 1; j++) { if (toSort[j] > toSort[j + 1]) { T temp = toSort[j]; toSort[j] = toSort[j + 1]; toSort[j + 1] = temp; } } }} (a) (5 pts) Describe the best-case scenario for this algorithm. (b) (5 pts) Describe the worst-case scenario for this algorithm. (c) (10 pts) Find the exact worst-case time-complexity of this algorithm. (d) (5 pts) Find the asymptotic worst-case time-complexity of this algorithm, and classify it as logarithmic, polynomial, exponential, etc. as appropriate.  

Short Answer – Case Study Question Part 1 – Graph Creation Background: Peat bogs store enormous amounts of organic carbon because cold, saturated soils with low oxygen levels limit rates of microbial respiration. Scientists are concerned that a warming planet will enhance microbial respiration and carbon fluxes into the atmosphere, shifting the role of peat bogs in the carbon cycle. A specific team has collected continuous temperature and CO2 fluxes from a given peat bog over 5 months. Their data is shown below. Month January February March April May Temperature (°C) 2 5 8 11 14 CO₂ released (mg C m⁻² hr⁻¹) 10 11 18 29 45       Required directions for this question – Graph this data: An alternative to graphing is to provide an essay response that outlines what your graph would look like, from which a scribe could reconstruct the graph.  If you are able to graph, follow the directions below.   1) Go to https://charts.livegap.com/?lan=en 2) Choose your desired graph type (hint: scroll down to see templates you can use)  3) Add the data to the table at the bottom of the graph 4) Edit the formatting as you see fit (see formatting options on right side of screen) 5) Share the link to your graph (see below image)    For this question, share a link to your graph. Note: To earn ANY points your graph must be provided as a link to this website and be a unique link.If you are struggling, you can do it by hand, but to earn points you must email sschmi11@gmu.edu and areyes28@gmu.edu a picture of your hand-drawn graph within 10 minutes of when your exam was submitted. 

  This is the MIPS circuit without J-type instruction.