A patient with pneumonia develops a right-to-left shunt. Which statement best describes what is occurring?

A blockage occurs after the AV node, preventing action potentials from reaching the rest of the heart.  Which structure would take over as backup pacemaker?

A heart attack has damaged the tissue of the left ventricle and it is no longer able to pump effectively.  Where will this cause edema first?

Which layer of the heart wall is composed primarily of cardiac muscle?

If your ESV = 20 mL and EDV = 90 mL, how much blood is pushed into the systemic circuit each time your left ventricle contracts?

If blood pressure has decreased, the blood vessel can vasoconstrict to increase it once again.

Ventricular repolarization on an ECG is represented by the:

Hormones, clotting factors, and electrolytes are carried within which component of the blood?

The degree of stretch of the ventricular muscle fibers at the end of diastole is known as: 

If the bicuspid valve is stenotic, this will directly increase the workload of the _________________________.