In an MNE in which most of the R&D activities are performed in the parent company’s home country, but then, foreign subsidiaries are responsible for introducing the resulting innovations to their local customers, the innovation process used is considered to be _________________.

True or false: to be considered an MNE, a firm must have active management of its overseas operations.

With regards to alternative approaches to managing worldwide operations, companies using a(n) _____________ will depend primarily on developing global efficiency in an attempt to achieve a best-cost position.

An MNE is said to excentralize when it ____________________.

According to the notes, “center of gravity” refers to _________________:

True or False: According to the notes provided, globalization is a recent trend that began only after computerization and other communication technologies were improved and became widely used.

In order to secure worldwide competitive advantage, an MNE should pursue all of the following objectives, EXCEPT:

According to the text, factors influencing the trend towards local differentiation and responsiveness include dealing with government demands, managing growing pressures for localization, and ________________.

In a(n) _____________________, the use of global strategies which capitalize on centralized, scale-intensive manufacturing and R&D is predominant.

Which of the following best describes cross-subsidization of markets?