Alex and Gregory work at the same restaurant. Alex is a server and Gregory is a host. Gregory keeps seating multiple parties all at once in Alex’s section thereby overwhelming Alex and causing Alex to give his customers delayed service. Alex has spoken to Gregory multiple times about pacing better but Gregory keeps engaging in the same behavior. Alex loses his temper and swings a fist to hit Gregory. Alex misses and hits the customer standing right by Gregory. As a result of the swing, the customer suffers a broken nose. Alex is charged with Aggravated Battery. Even though Alex didn’t mean to hit the customer, he is still criminally responsible under which doctrine?

Generally the law does not criminalize a failure to act unless there is a legal duty saying otherwise. In the scenarios described below, which of the defendants did not have a legal duty to act?

Jimmy has epilepsy and is prohibited by law from driving. One morning he wakes up late. He doesn’t want to be late for work. If he takes the bus like he normally does, he will definitely be late for work. So he decides to take his roommate’s car and drive to work so he can still be on time. On the way, he has a seizure and the car crashes. In at least 100 words, explain whether Jimmy committed a voluntary act and why. Be sure to also define a voluntary act.

Which of the following best illustrates a crime with specific intent?

In Morissette v US, _____________ was not a sufficient mens rea to hold the defendant criminally responsible, but it was sufficient in Lambert v. California. 

Which of the following best describes a mistake in fact?

In United States v. Mandujano, what specific actions or circumstances counted as the “substantial step” that allowed the defendant to be found liable for attempted heroin distribution, according to the Fifth Circuit?

According to the text, in most jurisdictions, who typically bears the burden of production in a self-defense claim?

Which of the following best describes the final result of the Casey Anthony case?

In Massachussetts v. Carlson (2006), the court found that the Defendant was liable for the deceased’s death even though she did not die on the scene and she later made the decision to refuse life saving measures. Which concept best explains why the Defendant was still held criminally responsible for her death?