According to developmental psychologist Giesela Labouvie-Vief, the complexity of society requires thought that is not necessarily based on pure logic but is instead a kind of thinking that is flexible, allows for interpretive processes, and reflects the fact that reasons behind events in the real world are subtle. Labouvie-Vief calls this __________ thinking.

Labouvie-Vief’s postformal thinking argues that the complexity of society requires thought that is not necessarily based on pure logic. Instead, thinking must be __________ and allow for __________. 

When Brynn is asked to describe herself she says, “I’m smart, dependable, and helpful to my friends and family.” Brynn’s usage of inner traits when describing herself demonstrate her increase in __________ skills.

Compared to the past, girls in the United States experience __________ at a younger age, most likely because of better nutrition and overall health.

“I am a creative and bright scholar” is a statement summarizing

Victoria was at school today when she started her first menstrual cycle. Victoria is experiencing 

Piaget decided that adolescents in the formal operational stage use __________, in which they start with a general theory about what produces a particular outcome and then deduce explanations for specific situations in which they see that particular outcome.

According to the information-processing approach, __________ is an understanding about the processes that underlie memory, and which emerges and improves during middle childhood.

Another name for short-term memory is

According to Piaget, the ability to take multiple aspects of a situation into account occurs when children are