List three types of headboxes and indicate which one you would use only for extremely slow machines (if at all) and which one for extremely fast machines.

Internal strength agents include natural and synthetic polymers. List the natural polymer most commonly used as an internal strength agent.

Which of the following fillers will give you the highest brightness 

Wet-end chemistry deals with all the interactions between the furnish materials (fiber, fillers, etc.) and the chemical/physical processes occurring at the wet end of the paper machine. Why is this important and sometimes extremely complex?

What is the biggest disadvantage of using fillers in papermaking 

Polyacrylamides are a new type of synthetic fillers used in high grade papers. 

What is the “Zeta potential”

Why is calcium carbonate (a filler) only used in alkaline papermaking processes?

When recycled fiber entered the paper making scene paper makers were not very excited about it. In some cases they had to slow down the paper machine and/or use more energy to dry the paper…. why do you think recycled fiber is more difficult to dry?

Complete the table below by filling in either increased or decreased to indicate the effect of multiple recycling on the indicated paper/paper machine qualities. Tensile strength a. Burst strength b. Fiber length c. Fines content d. Speed of drainage of paper machine e. Fiber stiffness f.