In a population of frogs, the following is the starting allele frequency: A1 A2 A3 A4 0.01 0.50 0.30 0.19 Which allele is most likely to go to fixation (that is, to be the last allele remaining in the population)?

You are treating a patient that has a family history of breast cancer.  Due to the patients increased risk of the disease, you recommend genetic testing so see what alleles she has for the BRCA1 gene.  When predicting her risk of developing breast cancer based on her combination of alleles, you are focusing on the:  Select only ONE answer choice.

On the planet Earth: Baleen whales range in size from the 6 m (20 ft) and 3,000 kg (6,600 lb) pygmy right whale to the 31 m (102 ft) and 190 t (210 short tons) blue whale, the largest known animal to have ever existed. They are sexually dimorphic. Baleen whales can have streamlined or large bodies, depending on the feeding behavior, and two limbs that are modified into flippers. The fin whale is the fastest baleen whale, recorded swimming at 10 m/s (36 km/h; 22 mph). Baleen whales use their baleen plates to filter out food from the water by either lunge-feeding or skim-feeding. Baleen whales have fused neck vertebrae, and are unable to turn their heads at all. Baleen whales have two blowholes. Some species are well adapted for diving to great depths. They have a layer of fat, or blubber, under the skin to keep warm in the cold water.  These giant animals feed primarily upon krill but also upon small fish, copepods, and zooplankton – using their baleen plates to filter this food from the water.  They can be hunted by pods of killer whales (especially juveniles – but adult baleen whales can also be predated by these pods).  Recent evidence has pointed to the role of iron-rich whale feces in enriching the ecosystem of the southern oceans – leading to increases in primary productivity as plankton thrives with this key nutrient in place.  When these whales were nearly hunted to extinction by humans in the early 20th century, krill numbers plummeted in the southern ocean and have not recovered to this day.  Based on this information, how would you describe the ecological role of these whales?

What type of genetic disorder is most likely depicted in the pedigree below?  

Which of the following would be a crucial clue when diagnosing an autosomal recessive genetic disorder in a family’s pedigree?

What type of genetic disorder is most likely depicted in the pedigree below?

Two rattlesnakes (a male and a female) from the family of ASU’s albino rattlesnake (Hector) are both heterozygous carriers for albinism.  Out of 16 offspring how many would you expect to be albinos?

A two-point test cross is performed, crossing GgWw x ggww. G = yellow color g = green color W = smooth texture w = wrinkled texture                   What proportion would you expect to be dominant for both traits (G_W_)?

A pea plant with purple flowers is either AA or Aa (hence, this is the mystery plant where we don’t know the genotype for sure). In a test-cross between the mystery plant and a homozygous recessive plant that is white flowered (aa), none of the offspring have white flowers.  What was the genotype of the mystery plant?  

Scientific method.  This kind of reasoning begins with an observation, supports it with patterns and then arrives at a hypothesis or theory.  It is the act of making generalized conclusions based on specific scenarios you observe. An example of this is found in the case of Louis Pasteur – who initially studied beer and wine production.  His experiments to understand how fermentation works led him to realize the importance of bacterial and other microbiological life on earth.  He was able then to apply these ideas to understand how this applies to human infectious disease.