Q15 [2 pts]: Suppose that the 16 (rather than 14) of the packages in the sample contain the Billy Wonka cards. Will the p-value increase, decrease, or stay the same? There is no need to explain.

Q14 [2 pts]: Complete the R command that runs the hypothesis test in R. _________(x =_______, n = 100, p =________, alternative= “less”)

Q21 [3 pts]: Solve the sample standard deviation (i.e., the standard deviation of the number of disposable containers used by a student each day based on the sample). Please show your work. You can write your final answer in the calculator-ready form. Hint: use the test statistic and the sample mean in the output.

Q17 [2 pts]: An expert claimed that p was in the neighborhood of 70%. If we use 70% as the estimate of p in the sample size calculation, will a larger or smaller sample be required? There is no need to explain.

Q1 [2 pts]: The graph below shows the sampling distributions of two estimators for the parameter (). The dashed line represents the distribution of Estimator 1 and the solid line represents the distribution of Estimator 2. Which of the following statements is correct?

Q2 [2 pts]: Suppose we use the same data to construct the 95% and the 99% confidence intervals for the population proportion. Which of the following statements is correct?

Q19 [2 pts]: Under the null hypothesis, what distribution does the test statistic have? Please name the distribution and provide its parameter value(s).

Q12 [3 pts]: Calculate the test statistic value. Please show your work. You can write your final answer in the calculator-ready form.

2f. Use your results to describe the relationship between the types of praise and multiplication scores. In your answer indicate whether the multiplication scores differed for the two groups, and if the scores differed describe the specific difference that was found.

2a. If the teacher wants to test the prediction that the two groups will differ, how should the null and alternative hypotheses be stated?