The _______, which involves transferring a juvenile from juvenile court to adult criminal court, is allowed in virtually all state statutes.

Kent v. United States said juvenile court waiver hearings need to measure up to the essentials of ___________.

Which of these is a reason offered by a criminology researcher for the great variation among U.S. states in their rates of juvenile incarceration?

Once an adjudicatory hearing is completed and judgment entered, the juvenile court determines possible ________________.

Even in serious cases, the use of ______________ has grown in recent years and is most often chosen for disposition.

The Supreme Court _______________ due process rules and procedures that protect individual rights to the juvenile court.

Which innovation in probation have researchers found to be less cost-effective than the others?

If discretion creates the possibility of bias, why are police allowed such broad latitude in dealing with juveniles?

Which factor was most important in making people aware of the need for a modern police force?

Compared to males, female juvenile offenders experience which of the following?