Bonus Question (+5 bonus points):   This semester in EAP 101, we focused on three types of skills:  Research Skills (source evaluation, APA reference lists, oral citations) Delivery Skills (stressed words, pauses, asking questions, intonation) Writing Skills (paraphrasing, summarizing, letter writing) Which of these three categories was the most helpful for you personally? Why? Give reasons and examples to support your answer. Write at least 100 words. (You can see the word count at the bottom right of the response box.)

Read these excerpts from an academic journal article. Then read the three summaries below. Which summary is best?   Authors & Date: Hurd, Trawalter, Jakubow, Johnson, & Billingsley (2021) Introduction Over the past 25 years, the number of Black students dropping out of college has increased. This is partly because of the online racism they face while studying. This can make students feel unwelcome and lose focus on their work. Our study focused on a mid-sized public university in the Southeastern U.S. In this study we wanted to answer two main questions: 1) How often are racist comments posted online? 2) Do racists posts negatively affect Black students? Is some of the harm reduced when White students stand up to the posts? Results/Discussion Approximately 44% of posts to the online student newspaper were explicitly racist or prejudiced against marginalized groups. Participants across all of the focus groups said that they had seen racist comments online. Black students felt frustrated, unwelcome, isolated, and overwhelmed when they saw online racism. They also reported feeling distracted and unable to focus on their studies. Black students across the focus groups said it was rare to see someone stand up to a racist post. However, they felt relieved and part of the community when it did happen. Conclusion The data from the focus groups suggested that Black students feel less isolated after seeing White people stand up to online racism. However, most White students admitted that they do not stand up to online racist posts. This is often because they were unsure of what to say and worried about saying the wrong thing. Helping to stop racism is a shared responsibility. People are more likely to express their racist views if they think others support them. You should always report online racism when you see it. If you feel comfortable, you can also use your voice to stand up against it. By making the brave decision to stand up to racism, you are helping to create an inclusive online environment where everyone can thrive.  

Match the following manifestations to the correct musculoskeletal disease process:              

Match the description with the disease/symptom that describes it.  Not all diseases are used.

A nurse is teaching a community health class about Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Select which topics to include:                  (Select all that Apply)

A nurse is reviewing the manifestations of hyperthyroidism with a client. Which of the following should the nurse include? Select All That Apply

Prompt: Evaluate the extent to which commercial development changed United States society from 1800 to 1855.   Document 1 Source: Report from an association of churches in Connecticut, 1812 The General Association of Connecticut, taking into consideration the undue consumption of ardent spirits 1 in this State . . . , have considered it as their duty to submit . . . the following recommendations.  . . . To Farmers, Mechanics, and Manufacturers we recommend earnest and prudent exertion to diminish the quantity of ardent spirits consumed in their several employments, by the substitution of other palatable 2 and nutritious drinks, and by giving additional compensation, if necessary, to laborers who will dispense entirely with the use of ardent spirits. . . . Let the attention of the public then be called up to this subject. . . . The word and the providence of God afford the most consoling prospect of success.1 alcoholic beverages2 pleasant    Document 2  Document 3 Source: Henry A. Tayloe, plantation owner in Alabama, letter to his brother in Washington, D.C., 1835 I wish you may visit me early this Spring to make some arrangements about your Negroes. If they continue high [in price] I would advise you to sell them in this country [of Alabama]. . . . The present high price of Negroes cannot continue long and if you will make me a partner in the sale on reasonable terms I will bring them out this Fall from Virginia and sell them for you. . . . My object is to make a fortune here as soon as possible by industry and economy, and then return [to Virginia] to enjoy myself. Therefore I am willing to aid you in any way as far as reason will permit Document 4  Source: Elias Nason, college student in Rhode Island studying to become a minister, letter to his parents, 1835 I would not put any of [your] children into the mill. Factories are talked about as schools of vice 1 in all circles here. And it is a hard thing for small children to be confined in a tight close room all the day long. It affects their growth, makes them pale and sickly and the company with which they associate is of the lowest order. There is no establishment in the country conducted better than that at Unionville. It is a factory still and nothing has ever touched2 my pride so much as to have it said that my sister works in a Cotton Mill. . . . I pity from my soul the thousands in our country that are reduced to the necessity of laboring in a Factory for a livelihood. . . . But in as much as some of the different employments are conducive to goodness—to improvements more than others—it becomes us to choose those which are most favorable to virtue and intelligence. Now a cotton factory is the last place to which I should put children for improvement either in manners, goodness, or intelligence. Document 5  Source: Joseph Wilson, African American writer, Sketches of the Higher Classes of Colored Society in Philadelphia [Pennsylvania], 1841 Among the higher classes [of free African Americans] there is no want 1 of a knowledge of the good things in this life, or of the ability so to arrange the means at their disposal, as to make them productive of the most substantial good. . . . . . . Their parlors are carpeted and furnished with sofas, sideboards, card-tables, mirrors, . . . with, in many instances, the addition of the piano. . . . They fail not to gratify themselves in this [way], to the extent and after the manner that gains observance among other people. . . . The observance of abstinence [from drinking alcohol] at the parties of the higher classes of colored society . . . is worthy of remark. . . . Whether this arises from a pure love of temperance or a disposition to avoid unnecessary expenditure, either of which is commendable, I shall not pause to inquire. . . . The exceedingly illiberal, unjust and oppressive prejudices of the great mass of the white community . . . is enough to crush . . . any people. . . . But in the face of all this, they not only bear the burden successfully, but . . . present a state of society of which . . . none have just cause to be ashamed. 1 lack  Document 6  Source: Josephine L. Baker, “A Second Peep at Factory Life,” Lowell Offering, a magazine featuring writing by factory workers, 1845 You ask, if there are so many things objectionable, why we work in the mill. Well, simply for this reason—every situation in life, has its trials which must be borne, and factory life has no more than any other. There are many things we do not like. . . . [But] there is a brighter side to this picture. . . . The time we do have is our own. The money we earn comes promptly; more so than in any other situation; and our work, though laborious is the same from day to day; we know what it is, and when finished we feel perfectly free, till it is time to commence it again. Besides this, there are many pleasant associations connected with factory life, that are not to be found elsewhere. There are lectures, evening schools, and libraries, to which all may have access. The one thing needful here, is the time to improve them as we ought. Document 7  Source: “Free, vs. Slave Labor,” article in the North Star, a newspaper published by Frederick Douglass in New York, 1848 Surely the time is not far distant when the free working men of the north . . . will bestir themselves in behalf of their enslaved fellow-citizens. . . . If the working-man were aware that every time he goes to the ballot-box, and gives his vote in favor of a slaveholder, or one who yields subserviency to the slave power, he helps to perpetuate and deepen his own degradation, he would long ere [before] this have severed himself from all connection with the wicked compact which binds him to use all his energies . . . in assisting the slaveholder to suppress any attempt that might be made by his victims to regain their God-given right to liberty and self-possession. Slavery degrades labor. . . . . . . Degrade labor, and you lower its remuneration1 [in wages]. In any portion of the country, reduce the laborer to the condition of a slave, and his free fellow-citizens who are laborers, must descend and descend, till they are slaves in all but name.1 payment 

PROMPT:  Explain the reasons why a new conservatism rose to prominence in the United States between 1960 and 1989. Document 1 Source: Barry Goldwater, a Republican senator from Arizona, The Conscience of a Conservative, 1960. Franklin Roosevelt’s rapid conversion from Constitutionalism to the doctrine of unlimited government is an oft-told story. . . . I am here concerned . . . by the unmistakable tendency of the Republican Party to adopt the same course. The result is that today neither of our two parties maintains a meaningful commitment to the principle of States’ Rights. Thus, the cornerstone of the Republic, our chief bulwark against the encroachment of individual freedom by Big Government, is fast disappearing under the piling sands of absolutism…. The root evil is that the government is engaged in activities in which it has no legitimate business. As long as the federal government acknowledges responsibility in a given social or economic field, its spending in that field cannot be substantially reduced.   Document 2  Source: Milton Friedman, economist, Capitalism and Freedom, 1962.We now have several decades of experience with governmental intervention….Which if any of the great “reforms” of past decades has achieved its objectives?…A housing program intended to improve the housing conditions of the poor, to reduce juvenile delinquency,and to contribute to the removal of urban slums, has worsened the housing conditions of the poor, contributedto juvenile delinquency, and spread urban blight….The greater part of the new ventures undertaken by government in the past few decades have failed to achievetheir objectives. The United States has continued to progress; its citizens have become better fed, betterclothed, better housed, and better transported; class and social distinctions have narrowed; minority groupshave become less disadvantaged. . . . All this has been the product of the initiative and drive of individualsco-operating through the free market.    Document 3  Source: Letter to Nelson Rockefeller, Republican governor of New York, February 6, 1971. This letter is written to you by a law abiding citizen who feels she is discriminated against in favor of dope addicts and welfare cheats. I am a widow who lives alone, works every day, pays taxes and lives by the rules. I get very little from my taxes when I can no longer walk on the streets and when I am afraid in my own home…. Sorry this letter is not typed. My typewriter was stolen.    Document 4 Source: Jerry Falwell, television evangelist and founder of the Moral Majority, Listen, America!, 1980. We must reverse the trend America finds herself in today. Young people between the ages of twenty-five and forty have been born and reared in a different world than Americans of years past. The television set has been their primary baby-sitter. From the television set they have learned situation ethics and immorality—they have learned a loss of respect for human life. They have learned to disrespect the family as God has established it. They have been educated in a public-school system that is permeated with secular humanism. They have been taught that the Bible is just another book of literature. They have been taught that there are no absolutes in our world today. They have been introduced to the drug culture. They have been reared by the family and the public school in a society that is greatly void of discipline and character-building. These same young people have been reared under the influence of a government that has taught them socialism and welfarism. They have been taught to believe that the world owes them a living whether they work or not. From AMERICA: A NARRATIVE HISTORY, SEVENTH EDITION by George Brown Tindall & David E. Shi. Copyright © 2007, 2004, 1999, 1996, 1992, 1988, 1984 by W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. Used by permission of W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. Excerpt from LISTEN, AMERICA! byJerry Falwell, copyright © 1980 by Jerry Falwell. Used by permission of Doubleday, an imprint of the Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, a division of Random House LLC. All rights reserved. Any third party use of this material, outside of this publication, is prohibited. Interested parties must apply directly to Random House LLC for permission.    Document 5  Source: 1980 Republican Party Platform. Overseas, our goal is . . . to preserve a world at peace by keeping America strong. This philosophy once occupied a hallowed place in American diplomacy, but it was casually… dismissed at the outset by the Carter Administration—and the results have been shattering. Never before in modern history has the United States endured as many humiliations, insults, and defeats as it has during the past four years: our ambassadors murdered, our embassies burned, our warnings ignored, our diplomacy scorned, our diplomats kidnapped. The Carter Administration has shown that it neither understands totalitarianism nor appreciates the way tyrants take advantage of weakness. The brutal invasion of Afghanistan promises to be only the forerunner of much more serious threats to the West—and to world peace—should the Carter Administration somehow cling to power.  Document 6 Source: Teddi Holt, a homemaker, a member of Georgia Stop ERA, and the national president of Mothers On the March, 1984. I am pleased that God blessed me with the privilege of being a woman. I have never been envious of the role of men but have had respect for both sexes. There’s no doubt that there has been discrimination against women, but that is past history, just as discrimination against blacks is past history in the US…. Just what were we women to be liberated from? These women [feminists] were calling for liberation from the things women like me love most—our husbands, our children, our homes. My cry became: “God, liberate us from the Liberators!”… We believe that the mothers of this and other nations must stand up for the protection of our homes and our children. In no way are we extremists, unless we be guilty of extreme devotion to our husbands, our children, and our homes. It is our sincere belief that if we do not unite against the threats to the home, if we retire to the convenience and security of our houses and do not speak out, then it will not be long until we, the “keeper at home” (Titus 2.5) will not have a home to keep!Excerpt from “Women Who Do and Women Who Don’t Join the Women’s Movement” by Teddi Holt and edited by Robyn Rowland, Copyright © 1984 by Teddi Holt. Reproduced by permission of Taylor & Francis Books U.K.    

Question 8 (6% total) Zedd, Inc sells high performance bicycles to cyclists, and offers warranties on the bicycles they sell.  They begin operations on 1/1/2007.  In 2007, they sell $100,000 worth of bicycles and incur $1,000 in warranty-related repairs.  In 2008, they sell $200,000 worth of bicycles and incur an additional $4,000 worth of warranty-related repairs.  They recorded the following journal entries for these repairs: 2007 Repairs:             Warranty Expense                  $1,000                         Cash                                                    $1,000 2008 Repairs:             Warranty Expense                  $4,000                         Cash                                                    $4,000   At the beginning of 2009, Zedd realizes that they have not been following GAAP correctly.  To be compliant with GAAP, Zed should have estimated warranty costs in the period of the sale and set up a warrantee liability to maintain the matching principle.  As repairs were made, they should have then reduced the liability as the cash was spent on warranty repairs.  Zedd decides to correct this error on 1/1/2009, using 4% of bicycle sales to estimate warranty expense for 2007 and 2008.    Q8: What is the entry necessary on 1/1/2009 to correct this error?  (ignore taxes)

Question #10 (12% total)  Bonnie’s Bistro is considering purchasing a Grindmaster Espresso machine to expand their product offerings.  A Grindmaster costs $25,000, with an estimated 4 year life with a $1,000 salvage value.  Bonnie’s will need to spend another $2,000 in working capital upfront on the machine, which will be returned to them at the end of the 4th year.  Bonnie requires a 12% rate of return and pays a 25% tax rate.  The Grindmaster is expected to increase contribution margin by $6,500 annually over its life.  Please determine the average accounting rate of return.   Please determine the net present value of this project & assess whether this project should be funded.   What, if anything, can we infer about the IRR (internal rate of return) of this project?