10. A 28-year-old male patient returns from a trip to a tropical region, where he stayed in rural areas with limited sanitation. A few days after returning, he develops fever, chills, and fatigue. He also complains of abdominal discomfort and diarrhea. Lab tests confirm the presence of an intestinal protozoan infection.  Which of the following is the most likely mode of transmission for the patient’s infection?

32. The nurse working in a clinic notes a teenager with several areas of acne on the shoulders and face.  The nurse understands this condition is due to which of the following?

8. A 25-year-old female patient comes to the clinic after experiencing a fever, sore throat, and fatigue for the past week. After some tests, she is diagnosed with the influenza virus. The doctor explains that most viruses, like the one causing her illness, usually run their course, and she should recover in a few days. Which of the following is correct regarding the treatment of viral infections like influenza?

29. A school nurse notes sunburn on one of the children.  What is the natural protective substance in the skin that prevent ultraviolet rays from damaging the skin?

26. The nurse is caring for a geriatric client who is experiencing very dry, itching and scaly skin.  Which of the following would be most therapeutic for this client?

13. A patient presents to the clinic complaining of feeling unwell and reports experiencing fatigue, a mild headache, and a low-grade fever for the past two days. The patient’s symptoms are vague and nonspecific. The physician explains that the patient is in the early phase of an infection. Which stage of infection is the patient most likely in?

27. The nurse is assisting the physician during botox injections on a client.  The nurse understands that which of the following substances gives the skin its elasticity and prevents it from tearing?

21.  A nurse is preparing to care for a patient diagnosed with pertussis (whooping cough). The nurse knows that pertussis is transmitted through large particle droplets. Which of the following precautions should the nurse implement when entering the patient’s room?

11. A 45-year-old male patient presents with abdominal pain, weight loss, and the passage of visible segments in his stool. He mentions that he consumed undercooked pork during his recent trip to an undeveloped area. The physician suspects that the patient has a helminth infection. Which of the following best describes helminths, with a specific example of the organism that could cause this patient’s symptoms?

16.  A nurse is caring for a patient who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). The nurse is careful to follow proper hand hygiene and uses sterile techniques when inserting a urinary catheter to minimize the risk of infection. Which part of the infection cycle is the nurse primarily focusing on to prevent transmission of the pathogen?