In concurrent-chain schedules, the onset of [answer] stimuli acts as a conditioned reinforcer.

Match the reinforcer to its description:

The _____________ is crucial for encoding the value of conditioned reinforcers.

The release of [answer] in the nucleus accumbens is associated with conditioned reinforcement learning.

In a token economy, what are the three components?

In a chain schedule, which component directly produces unconditioned reinforcement?

Match the schedule to its description:

A homogeneous chain involves:

In a heterogeneous chain, each link requires a different response.

Delay discounting is only observed in human subjects.