The symbol f’c represents the _______.

The symbol Mu represents the _______.

Briefly reflect on the process you have followed to write your rough draft. Where are you in the process? What is left to do? What is your plan for completing the draft and/or revising it in the coming weeks? Try to capture your thoughts and what you have learned over the past few weeks about constructing a large research project.

A beam has dimensions of b = 16 in., h = 22 in., and d = 19.5 in. and is reinforced with 4 No. 7 bars. The concrete strength is 9,100 psi, and the yield strength of the reinforcement is 60,000 psi. Determine the nominal moment capacity, Mn, of the beam.

The moment-curvature relationship is non-linear up to the cracking point and is referred to as the uncracked-elastic range.

A beam has dimensions of b = 14 in., h = 30 in., d’ = 2.5 in., and d = 27.5 in. It is reinforced with 2 No. 5 bars on the compression side and 4 No. 8 bars on the tension side. The concrete strength is 4,000 psi, and the yield strength of the reinforcement is 60,000 psi. If the depth of the neutral axis is c = 4.199 in., determine the force in the compression reinforcement, Cs.

The elastic beam theory is not used in the design of reinforced concrete beams because (1) the compressive stress-strain relationship for concrete becomes non-linear at higher strain values and (2) concrete cracks at low tensile stresses making it necessary to use reinforcing steel.

A beam has dimensions of b = 14 in., h = 24 in., and d = 21.5 in. and is reinforced with 4 No. 6 bars. The concrete strength is 10,000 psi, and the yield strength of the reinforcement is 60,000 psi. If the depth of the compressive stress block is a = 0.887395 in. and the strain in the reinforcement is εs = 0.044245, determine the strength φMn for this beam. Assume the transverse reinforcement is not spirals.

A beam has dimensions of b = 16 in., h = 24 in., and d = 21.5 in. and is reinforced with 2 No. 6 bars. The concrete strength is 7,000 psi, and the yield strength of the reinforcement is 60,000 psi. If the depth of the compressive stress block is a = 0.554622 in. and the strain in the reinforcement is εs = 0.078407, determine the strength φMn for this beam. Assume the transverse reinforcement is not spirals.

Determine β1 given that f’c = 9,400 psi.