A patient’s PT was normal, but APTT was prolonged. A mixing study of 1:1 normal plasma was performed but did not correct. What is the interpretation?

Ineffective thrombopoiesis is defined as:

For coagulation procedures, the ratio of blood to anticoagulant is:

The metabolism reaction for Steviol shown below is classified as ….

Refer to the structures shown here for the following questions: *** a) Which TWO sugars could be described as DISACCHARIDES? [blank3] *** b) An oral dose of sucrose is converted to two monosaccharides called : [blank4] *** c) The conversion of sucrose into two monosaccharides occurs where in the body?: [blank5]

Based on drug names, select the drug(s) that is/are likely structural analogues or derivatives of cocaine.

ANTIBIOTICS … Consider the three drug structures shown here for the following questions: *** a) Which drug(s) is/are likely categorized as beta-lactam antibiotics? [blank1] *** b) Which drug(s) is/are likely categorized as tetracycline antibiotics? [blank2] *** c) Which drug(s) is/are likely to mimic the normal substrate for the bacterial enzyme transpeptidase? [blank3] *** d) What is the normal substrate for the enzyme transpeptidase? [blank4] *** e) The portion of Drug I above that mimics the normal substrate contains what functional group? [blank5] *** f) Briefly describe a gram(+) bacterial cell wall [blank6] *** g) Briefly describe a gram(-) bacterial cell wall [blank7]

Anticancer drugs vinblastine and vincristine are derived from which plant?

Brazzein, a protein-like sweetener, is heat and pH stable mainly due to …

ANTIFUNGALS … Antifungal drugs exploit the biochemical differences between healthy cells and infected cell. *** a) The “azole” class of antifungal drugs, function by inhibiting the production of what sterol that is unique to fungi? [blank1] *** b) What is the sterol found in normal mammalian cell membranes? [blank2] *** c) Consider the portion of the biosynthesis pathway for a key component of the fungal membrane … What type of enzyme is responsible for this reaction? [blank7] *** d) Name an antifungal “azole” drug discussed in class. [blank3] *** e) What metal element are these drugs attracted to in the active sites of fungal enzymes (hint: and also P450s)? [blank4] *** f)  Consider the portion of the biosynthesis pathway for a key component of the fungal membrane … What type of enzyme is responsible for this reaction?  [blank5] *** g) Would the reaction shown above be classified as a Phase I or Phase II type reaction? [blank6]