A 55-year-old client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 4 (GFR 22 mL/min) presents with serum potassium of 6.8 mEq/L. The client reports using a salt substitute and taking lisinopril. Which physiological mechanism is most impaired in this client’s hyperkalemia?

The nurse is discussing the benefits of early ambulation with a client recovering from major surgery. Which advantages should the nurse emphasize? Select all that apply.

A nurse develops safety recommendations for an 82-year-old client with reduced visual acuity and depth perception being discharged home. Which strategies appropriately maintain environmental safety? (Select all that apply)

A nurse is educating a client on best practices for contact lens care to prevent infections. What statement by the client demonstrates understanding of the teaching?

A nurse is preparing a client for surgery. Which factor presents the highest risk for intraoperative pressure injury development?

Explain the principles of safe transfer and positioning techniques and the nurse’s responsibilities.

A client with a full-thickness wound has entered the remodeling and maturation phase of healing. The nurse explains to the client that this phase can continue for an extended period. What is the primary characteristic of the scar tissue formed during this final phase?

A nurse is developing expected outcomes for a client with a chronic, non-healing wound that has been complicated by poor nutrition. Which of the following examples of outcomes are appropriate and measurable for this client’s care plan? Select all that apply.

A client is scheduled for surgery. The nurse conducts a preoperative assessment. What finding increases the client’s risk for decreased cardiac output during the perioperative period?

A nurse is performing a skin assessment on an immobile client and observes an area on the sacrum. The skin is intact, but there is a localized, nonblanchable area of erythema. Upon palpation, the nurse notes the area feels firmer and is slightly warmer than the surrounding skin. There is no purple or maroon discoloration. How should the nurse correctly stage this pressure injury?