The most common diagnostic x-ray beam filter material is

A radiograph is produced using 25 mAs at 80 kVp. To cut the patient exposure in half, how much should the kVp be increased?

The ____ the atomic number of the irradiated material, the ____ the number of photoelectric absorption interactions that occur.

(Continued) A phycologist is interested in determining the proportion of algae samples from a local rivulet that belonged to a particular phylum. A random sample of 50 alga was obtained and each alga was categorized as either being cyanobacteria or not. It was found that 38 were, in fact, cyanobacteria. The standard error of the sample proportion, i.e.

An x-ray exposure of 100 mR is recorded at a distance of 40 inches. To reduce the exposure to 25 mR, to what will the distance need to be changed?

Letter d is a model of what muscle?

The difference between the t-distribution and the standard normal distribution is

The survival times of guinea pigs inoculated with an infectious viral strain vary from animal to animal. The distribution of survival times is strongly skewed to the right. The [blank] says that the average survival time of a large number of infected guinea pigs has a distribution that is close to the normal distribution.

Milliamperage-second (mAs) directly affects all of the following EXCEPT

(Continued) Assume each newborn baby has a probability of approximately 0.49 of being female and 0.51 of being male. For a family with three children, let X = number of children who are girls. The probability that the family has one girl and two boys is