An expressive society is the type of society found in pre-industrial times.  The same values found in this society can be found in private family life of people past and present.  So in the home or pre-industrial society, F. Tonnies and Talcott Parsons say that one is judged on the basis of his or her achievement or performance.

Beyond Freedom and Dignity was written by __________ argued that humans really did not have any freedom or dignity.

Jurgen Habermas proposes an ethic based on communication or discourse which meant that only the elite philosophers should come together and decide what is best for everyone else. 

Parsons says that social stratificationis a normal process in society that leads to

Daphne C. Wiggins’ book, Righteous Content: Black Women’s Perspectives of Church and Faith, says that women in most religious traditions past and present have

Edith Wyschogrod’s book Saints and Postmodernism proposes an ethic based on

Michel Foucault says that ethics can be dangerous because they can lead to domination of one person or group over another.

Parsons believes that teachers need to judge children solely based on their achievement or lack of it.

George Homans proposed the formula P-C=R (Profit-Cost=Reward) for human behavior.  He says that human beings always

Behavioral psychologists like B. F. Skinner believe that behavioral psychology