If a star is 10 parsecs away, how long ago did the light we see from it tonight begins its journey toward us?

The strategy of concealing information in asymmetric information games is called screening.

Consider the following prisoners’ dilemma game. A penalty greater than _____ should be imposed for confessing (defecting) so that the cooperative outcome can be supported as the unique equilibrium outcome. Enter a positive number for the penalty.  

Consider the binary commuter route choice game. If the number of players in the main and side road are in accordance with equilibrium entries, the marginal private gain associated with changing roads for a commuter is non-negative.

Suppose Rio is a risk-averse agent and owns a lottery that he could play. The lottery pays either $25 or $13 with equal chance. Rio would be willing to sell the lottery only if he is offered a payment greater than the expected value of the lottery.

Why do Cepheid variables have that strange name?

Consider a two-player infinitely repeated game between A and B that involves only two strategies – cooperate and defect. Player A employs an open Tit-for-Tat strategy (oTFT – begin the relationship by cooperating, and in each future period choose the action that was chosen by the rival in the preceding period of play) and player B employs a closed Tit-for-Tat strategy (cTFT – begin the relationship by defecting, and in each future period choose the action that was chosen by the rival in the preceding period of play). In the long-term, the cooperative outcome is attainable.

Why can astronomers not measure the diameters of stars directly?

Short Essay:    Discuss Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: 1) What is the concept, and generally speaking, what are the levels? 2) From a personal point of view, describe a time when Maslow’s Theory may have been working through your decision making process. 3)  From an environmental point of view, describe a time when Maslow’s Theory may have been working through our nation’s decision making process.

The original definition of a meter was