A 51-year-old woman presents for evaluation of shortness of breath, cough, and wheezing, especially in the summer. Her symptoms are relieved with albuterol, salmeterol, and fluticasone inhalers. She does not smoke. Her spirometry results are:   Lower limit of normal Pre-Bronchodilator % of predicted value Post-Bronchodilator % change Forced vital capacity (FVC) 2.24 (L) 2.42 L 83% 2.72 L 12% Forced expiratory volume (FEV1) 1.86 L 1.52 L 63% 2.05 L 34% FEV1/FVC Ratio 73.4% 58.2%   75.3% 29% Forced expiratory time   11.2 sec   10.7 sec  

Bronchovesicular breath sounds in young children that are loud and harsh at the bases are an indication of:

You are conducting an examination of Mr. C.’s heart and blood vessels and auscultate a grade III murmur. The intensity of this murmur is:

Of the following individuals, who is most likely to have a physiological split S2 heart sound?

Anitbodies produced in one animal and placed into another animal create what type of immunity?

Mr. A is a 35-year-old construction worker with a CC of sudden, sharp chest pain that is exacerbated with coughing. He reports playing in a flag football game a few days ago but denies any physical injury.  He has a history of bronchial asthma since childhood but states that he has not had an asthma attack in over six months. He has never smoked. Denies any fever or chills. AP:lateral diameter 1:2.  The pain is not reproducible upon palpation. A low-pitched grating sound is auscultated in the left axilla during inspiration.  CT scan reveals a small pleural effusion in the left lower lobe.  What further findings may be present as the nurse practitioner completes the physical exam?

The nurse practitioner notes hyperresonant percussion tones when percussing the thorax of an infant. The nurse practitioner’s best action would be to:

A 75-year-old patient complains of pain and parasthesias in the right foot that worsens with exercise and is relieved by rest. On physical examination of the right foot, you note pallor, capillary refill of 4 seconds, and +1 dorsalis pedis pulse. In the left foot, you note a +2 pulse. Which of the following is a likely cause of the signs and symptoms?

A teenage patient comes to the emergency department with complaints of an inability to “breathe and a sharp pain in my left chest.” The assessment findings include the following: cyanosis, tachypnea, tracheal deviation to the right, decreased tactile fremitus on the left, hyperresonance on the left, and decreased breath sounds on the left. This description is consistent with:

Upon examination of a child, an innocent systolic murmur is heard at the second intercostal space left sternal border. This is usually due to: