A 40-year-old female patient with a family history of breast cancer (her mother was diagnosed at age 45) visits the clinic for her annual check-up. She asks the nurse when she should begin mammogram screenings. What is the most appropriate recommendation for this patient based on her family history?

A nurse is counseling a 45-year-old patient who recently lost their spouse to a sudden illness. During the session, the patient states, “I keep thinking this must be a mistake. I just can’t believe they’re gone.” The nurse recognizes this as part of the grieving process described by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross. Which of the following correctly represents the sequence of stages in the Kübler-Ross model of grief?

A nurse is performing a wet-to-dry dressing change on a 60-year-old patient with a deep, infected wound on the lower abdomen. The patient expresses concern about the pain during dressing removal and asks why this technique is being used instead of other options. What is the primary purpose of using a wet-to-dry dressing for this patient?  

A nurse is caring for a 60-year-old Orthodox Jewish patient admitted to the hospital for surgery. The patient requests kosher meals during their stay. The nurse reviews dietary guidelines to ensure the patient’s cultural and religious needs are met. Which of the following practices align with the principles of a kosher diet? (Select all that apply)

A nurse is assessing a 68-year-old patient with a history of congestive heart failure (CHF) who reports swelling in their legs, fatigue, and difficulty breathing when lying flat. The healthcare provider suspects right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings is most indicative of right-sided heart failure?

A 32-year-old patient presents to the clinic with a painless ulcer on their genital area that has been present for two weeks. The patient also reports mild fatigue but no other symptoms. The healthcare provider diagnoses primary syphilis based on physical findings and a positive Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) test. Which treatment is most appropriate for this patient?

A nurse witnesses a 45-year-old individual in a restaurant clutching their throat, unable to speak, and exhibiting the universal sign of choking. The individual is conscious but appears to be in severe respiratory distress. What is the most appropriate initial action for the nurse to take?

A nurse is educating a 30-year-old patient who reports difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep. The patient states, “I feel tired all the time, and my sleep schedule is all over the place because of my late-night work hours.” The nurse explains the importance of maintaining proper sleep hygiene and supporting the body’s circadian rhythm. Which recommendation by the nurse is most effective for improving the patient’s sleep quality?

A nurse is caring for a 32-year-old patient with a T6 spinal cord injury who suddenly develops severe headache, flushing above the injury level, nasal congestion, and a blood pressure of 190/110 mmHg. The patient reports feeling anxious. The nurse suspects autonomic dysreflexia. What is the priority nursing intervention in this situation?

A nurse is caring for a 35-year-old patient recently diagnosed with cancer. During a conversation, the patient states, “I feel like my life is over now. I don’t know how to cope with this diagnosis.” The nurse uses therapeutic communication to provide support. Which response by the nurse demonstrates therapeutic communication?