Briefly define the following terms, concepts or rules using words, equations, and/or sketches: Ionic bond

How are primates different from all other mammals? A) placental embryonic development B) hairy bodies C) arboreal lifestyles D) ability to produce milk E) opposable thumbs in many species  

Tiktaalik lived in cold, artic tundra in rocks about 375 million years old.

What is a distinctive feature of the chondrichthyans? A) an amniotic egg B) unpaired fins C) an acute sense of vision that includes the ability to distinguish colors D) a cartilaginous endoskeleton E) lack of jaws

According to one hypothesis, the jaws of vertebrates were derived by the modification of A) scales of the lower lip. B) skeletal rods that had supported pharyngeal (gill) slits. C) one or more gill slits. D) one or more of the bones of the cranium. E) one or more of the vertebrae.  

Which of the following is a characteristic of all chordates at some point during their life cycle? A) jaws B) post-anal tail C) four-chambered heart D) vertebrae

The detector solid angle (

Strongly bonded materials have higher stiffness.

For solid xenon, the bonding is covalent since xenon is an inert gas.

In order to obtain the most surface information on a sample with topographical contrast, all of the conditions below will improve this, except which one?