Varying stroke direction when root planing allows for greater possibility that an area of burnished or smooth calculus may be removed.

An insertion stroke with working pressure is NOT recommended because it can

The stroke direction(s) used with root planing strokes is/are :

Rather than vigorous root planing and removal of most or all of the cementum, it is now known that the bacteria products can be removed from the root surface with minimal amount of actual cementum removal.

With the simplified sharpening strategy, the most frequently employed clock positions are

A “dull “ cutting edge 1. May contribute to patient discomfort 2. May contribute to operator fatigue 3. May contribute to effective treatment

With the simplified sharpening strategy, the most frequently employed clock positions are

Universal Curettes are

Correct principles of sharpening include:

Universal Curettes are