Delinquents arrested five or more times before the age of 18, who commit a disproportionate amount of all criminal offenses are known as:

What is the primary characteristic of an ex post facto law?

Discuss the key methods used to measure crime in the United States, highlighting the strengths and limitations of each approach. Explain how these measurement techniques have evolved over time and how they inform our understanding of crime trends and patterns.

Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of the criminal justice system?

Which of the following is NOT a primary focus of criminologists?

Instrumental violence is primarily motivated by emotional responses and is not aimed at achieving a specific goal or outcome.

Which of the following best defines the term “crime”?

According to social learning theory, criminal behavior is primarily learned through observation and imitation of others.

______ are patterns of shared attitudes, beliefs, categorizations, self-definitions, norms, role definitions, and values organized around a theme.

People in some cultures approach negotiations_______ (they move from the general to the specific), whereas people from other cultures approach negotiations more_______ (they settle on a series of specific issues that become the area of general agreement).