A woman is rushed to the Emergency Department following a severe motor vehicle accident. The patient is clearly in respiratory distress, and exhibits rapid, shallowing breathing that relies on accessory breathing muscles of her neck. Further examination and testing show that she has suffered an injury to her spinal cord, and her diaphragm muscle is paralyzed. Which one of the following is the most likely level of her spinal injury?

How is the pre-mRNA modified before it can leave the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell? [1.5 pts]

The distal control elements are also known as: [0.5 pt]

An MRI reveals that a patient has an acoustic neuroma that has invaded the internal acoustic meatus. If the tumor damages the nerves that pass through this meatus, which one of the following signs is the patient most likely to exhibit?

What is the difference between histone methylation and DNA methylation?  How do those affect DNA?  How does that affect transcription of a gene there (is this permanent or temporary)? [2 pts]

Find the energy released (in kJ/mol)  during the following:Show Work   235U        +         1n     —->          144Xe        +      90Sr Mass(amu)       235.0439          1.0005             143.9385          89.9077 1 amu = 1.6605 x 10-27 kg Avogadro’s Number = 6.022 x1023  atoms mol-1 Speed of light = 2.998 x 108 m/s8

During a physical examination of upper extremity function, you notice that your patient is able to shrug both shoulders against resistance. Which one of the following nerves must be functional to allow for normal shoulder shrugging?

What is alkaptonuria and which British physician studied it in 1902?  Why is his research into this condition important? [2 pts]

Physical examination of a teenager several days after a bicycle accident reveals that digits four and five (pinky and ring fingers) of the patient’s left hand are numb. Which of the following structures is most likely to have been damaged in this patient?

Photosynthesis utilizes light energy to create carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water.  Write the equation for photosynthesis (make sure you balance the equation).  Where does the oxygen that is generated during photosynthesis come from?  Where does the water that is generated during photosynthesis come from? [2 pts]