After failing to make the varsity soccer team, Julian seeks out players who were cut during the first round of tryouts to discuss how tough the coaches were. By choosing to compare himself to players who performed worse or were cut earlier, Julian is engaging in:

A beginner golfer who has played only two rounds of golf buys expensive professional clubs and enters a regional tournament, expressing supreme confidence that he will finish in the top 5%. After finishing dead last, he is genuinely bewildered. This overestimation of competence by a novice is an example of the:

While waiting at a red light, Sandra observes the driver in the car next to her honking aggressively and waving his hands. Sandra immediately thinks, ‘What a rude, impatient jerk!’ without considering that the driver might be trying to signal a hazard. Sandra’s quick internal attribution is an example of the:

According to social psychology research on fundamental human motives (e.g., Baumeister & Leary, 1995), when a student transfers to a new university and immediately seeks out student organizations to form meaningful interpersonal connections, they are satisfying the core need for:

A project manager enters a team brief feeling intense frustration over a missed deadline. Without discussing the deadline, team members—who were cheerful moments earlier—begin frowning, crossing their arms, and speaking sharply to one another. This spread of mood represents:

Ever since experiencing a severe car accident as a child, Sam has held a highly active danger schema regarding highway driving. Even on clear, sunny days with light traffic, Sam constantly scans the road for potential collisions and feels high anxiety. Sam’s heightened readiness to use this danger schema is an example of:

The cognitive process of modifying or updating an existing schema when encountering new information that contradicts our prior expectations is known as ________.

Evolutionary strategies that favor the survival and reproductive success of an individual’s genetic relatives, sometimes even at a personal cost to the individual, are known as ________ selection.

Based on research regarding the mechanism of emotional contagion (Hatfield et al., 1993), what is the correct sequential order of events when a person ‘catches’ another’s emotion?

When a university surveys 500 faculty members, 88% rate their own teaching effectiveness as ‘above the average faculty member.’ Statistically, only about 50% can be above average. This cognitive bias is known as the: