Which of the follow describes the initial step of filtration in the nephron?

Which of the following is the result of leakage of pancreatic enzymes into the surrounding peritoneal space?  

In descending order, which vessels branch off of the aorta? 

Which of the following terminology is most often used to describe this appearance?

Which of the following would be considered an intrinsic cause of unilateral hydronephrosis?

A patient was referred for an ultrasound of the RUQ.  They presented with the following signs and symptoms:  acute right upper quadrant pain radiating to the RT shoulder, nausea and vomiting, tender RT subcostal region.  While scanning you see the gallbladder wall measures 4.8mm and the patient has a positive Murphy’s sign.  What is the most likely diagnosis for this patient?

A 48 year old patient presented for an abdominal ultrasound.  The lab values indicate increased serum BUN levels.  The scan revealed multiple bilateral renal cysts as well as liver cysts.  What does this most likely represent?

What is the primary purpose of the peritoneum in the abdominal cavity?

What is common hepatic duct obstruction resulting from a stone in the cystic duct or gallbladder neck known as?

Which description is associated with the following waveform?