Skeletal and cardiac muscle are both types of striated muscle. You have been given one type of each sample, but the identifying labels have come off. You know that these muscles have some similarities and some differences in terms of their rate of depolarization, rate of repolarization, and length of action potential.  Answer the following questions as they relate to the muscle depicted in sample B. 1. Identify the muscle type. 2. Are there special types of calcium channels associated with this muscle type? If so, identify the calcium channels. 3. Calcium channels are responsible for distinct refractory periods. What is the name of the refractory period for this muscle type?

Where does the electron transport chain occur in bacteria?

Use the study data outlined below to answer the next 5 questions. A study of people with and without multiple sclerosis (MS) was used to test the idea that the disease is caused by blood flow restriction resulting from a vein condition known as chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI).  Of 39 randomly sampled patients with MS, 25 were found to have CCSVI and 14 were not.  Of 26 healthy control subjects, 14 were found to have CCSVI and 12 were not.

Provide a definition of an imperfect and an incomplete flower. (0.5pts each)

Question 4 Use the appropriate test to calculate the test statistic (Formula page provided at the start of the Experimental Biology & Biostatistics exam module)

Question 1 What is the explanatory variable?

Why might increased soil fertility result in lower species diversity?

Alleopathy and facilitation are two non-competition processes that shape plant communities. Describe each of these processes (0.5pts) and give an example of each (0.5pts).

Which of the following is a major category of secondary chemicals in plants?

What is the latitudinal richness gradient? (0.5pts) Give two hypotheses that may explain the processes behind this pattern (0.5pts each; 1pt total).