How does the proximal tubule reabsorb the bulk of Na+ from the filtrate?

A 50 year old previously healthy male presents with lower extremity edema, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia and severe proteinuria, over 8 grams/24 hours.. A renal biopsy is performed. The light microscopic image is representative of the renal parenchyma observed in the biopsy. What is the BEST preliminary interpretation with the final diagnosis awaiting immunofluorescence and electron microscopy? 

Which one of the following pathophysiological mechanisms is involved in development of hepatorenal syndrome?

What is the most important and most frequent risk factor for the development of urothelial carcinomas in men?

Which of the following statements is CORRECT about renal autoregulation mechanisms?

Which tubule segment reabsorbs the least amount of filtered sodium?

In a patient with edema and the following lab findings, what type of infection is the patient at highest risk of developing? 

You are seeing a patient with hypocalcemia. Which nutritional deficiency is most likely related to the development of this condition?

What will be the most likely consequence if the immune system aberrantly makes an autoantibody against an antigen on the podocyte membrane?

Which segment of the nephron is permeable to water regardless if ADH is present or absent?