Which of the following lists conditions that affect the upper airway?

Your 57-year-old patient is tripodding and complaining of respiratory distress. She is only able to speak 1-2 words without having to take a breath. She has a history of chronic bronchitis, CHF, pneumonia, hypertension, and GERD. Her medications include Flovent, Albuterol, prednisone, HCTZ, atenolol, lisinopril, and ranitidine. Physical exam reveals diminished breath sounds bilaterally and significant accessory muscle use. Vitals are BP 156/94, P 124, R 44, and SpO2 of 86% on room air. A snapshot of her capnogram is shown below.   You suspect 

A woman fainted at a nearby table in a restaurant. Your partner runs outside to get your equipment. Your partner arrives with your equipment as you open her airway with a head-tilt/chin-lift and note gurgling sounds with the patient’s respirations. You should

Inhalation is governed by Boyle’s law, which states the

Loss of surfactant will lead to

Nasotracheal intubation is indicated for imminent respiratory failure and requires the patient

Conditions responsible for respiratory emergencies related to ventilation include

Your 19-year-old female patient complains of numbness and tingling of her hands and fingers. Her past history includes anxiety. Vital signs are BP 112/72, P 124, and R 40. You assess an ETCO2 of 30. You suspect a

You have just intubated your pulseless and apneic patient. You have end-tidal carbon dioxide readings in the 10-12mmHg range, no epigastric sounds and lung sounds only on the right side. You should

Your 12-year-old patient has a complete airway obstruction secondary to epiglottitis. Following two unsuccessful intubation attempts you should