Which of the following features is likely to be an apopmorphy of the Order Carcharhiniformes?

Although all cartilaginous fish species shared certain key defining traits (that is, the synapomorphies of the Chondrichthyes), members of certain groups within the Class Chondrichthyes share certain traits that set them apart from other chondrichthyans. As you may remember, these are often known as apomorphies – features that set a particular clade apart from ALL OTHER clades. Which of the following is an apomorphy of the Subclass Holocephali?

Which of the following features was NOT exhibited by Cladoselache?

True or false: Placental viviparity is an apomorphy of the Order Carcharhiniformes.

In which of the following sensory organs would you expect to observe a structure known as the cupula?

Which of the following species is LEAST LIKELY to be capable of respiration by buccal pumping?

Which of the following orders contains members that exhibit 6-7 external gill slits?

It has been suggested that, based on the presence of only 1 type of cone in all sharks that have been studied, that all chondrichthyans lack the ability to differentiate between colors and are therefore colorblind. Is this TRUE or FALSE with regards to all chondrichthyans?

It has been demonstrated that embryos of some oviparous sharks such as the bamboo shark will reduce or even cease their respiratory gill movements within their egg case when potential predators (such as other sharks) are nearby. Which of the following is the BEST example of a possible PROXIMATE cause for this behavior?

What type of swimming does the species shown in the picture below exhibit?