Please explain the importance of estimating microbial protein synthesis. 

Explain how passage rate is associated with feed intake. How does this mechanism affect nutrient digestibility and energy intake in ruminants?

For in-situ analysis, sample size to bag surface area is maintained at 10-15 mg/sq. cm. Please explain why?  

Low molecular weight carbohydrates are insoluble in 80% ethanol. 

From non-cannulated animals which marker can be used to measure microbial protein synthesis

Which of the following feed ingredients provides an excellent source of rumen undegraded protein

Please explain the principle of starch analysis and provide steps used for determination of starch in feed samples. 

If we have estimations of fecal output and dry matter digestibility available, how do we calculate intake? 

Give two examples each of high molecular weight and low molecular weight non-structural carbohydrates

Flip flop footwear, had annual revenues of $185,000, expenses of $103,700, and paid dividends of $18,000 during the current year. The retained earnings account before closing had a balance of $297,000. The ending retained earnings balance after closing is: