A patient is administered a hypnotic agent, an opioid, and a…
A patient is administered a hypnotic agent, an opioid, and a muscle relaxant in combination for a surgical procedure under general anaesthesia. This combination is designed to achieve which three goals, collectively known as the ‘triad of anaesthesia’?
Read DetailsA patient in the recovery room is fully awake, moves all fou…
A patient in the recovery room is fully awake, moves all four limbs voluntarily, breathes deeply and coughs freely, maintains SpO2 of 97% on room air, and has a blood pressure within 15 mmHg of her preoperative baseline. Which scoring system is used to formally assess her readiness for discharge from the recovery room, and what minimum score is generally required?
Read DetailsA patient in the recovery room following an uneventful spina…
A patient in the recovery room following an uneventful spinal anaesthetic for total hip replacement becomes hypotensive. Urine output has been minimal, and there was an estimated 800 ml of intraoperative blood loss. What is the most likely cause of the hypotension, and the most appropriate initial management?
Read DetailsA 54-year-old man is undergoing a prolonged open laparotomy…
A 54-year-old man is undergoing a prolonged open laparotomy under general anaesthesia via a circle breathing system. The capnograph shows a rising baseline and the soda lime canister cannot be replaced intra-operatively. Which circuit management strategy will most effectively address the CO2 rebreathing?
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