When reviewing a business’s advertising, a key part of the FTC’s analysis is what’s known as the “reasonable consumer.” What is the FTC looking at during that analysis:   

Which of the following is not an element of a successful claim for false or misleading advertising under the Lanham Act?

Which of the following advertising examples would a judge most likely find does not constitute an actual offer to a consumer:   

An opinion letter from the FTC is an example of a corrective measure taken by the agency. 

Part 2. Vocabulary  The words in the box are words that you studied in Units 1-3. Choose the best word to complete each sentence.   create increase challenge employ global promote consume specialist   The new car factory will [1] 6,500 jobs for the town. He first went to his family doctor, who then sent him to see a heart [2]. The tomato crop froze in last week’s cold weather, so prices will [3] next spring.  The state has had no rain in more than four months, and this is a big [4] for the local farmers.  There are some scientists who predict that we will soon [5] most of the Earth’s supply of petroleum.  The [6] company does its sales and marketing in New York, but all of its manufacturing is done in Asia.  Companies worldwide still [7] far more men than women in management positions.  In an effort to [8] healthy eating, the employee cafeteria will now sell fresh salads and fruit.

Part 3. Academic Vocabulary  Choose the best word to complete each sentence.  It was a / an ____________ for the company to make a profit during its first year, but sales doubled by its second year.

Replace the underlined word with a more precise synonym:  Demand for electric cars has increased enormously.

Part 1: Reading Instructions: Read the following article. Use the information from the article to answer the following questions. The questions have been bolded for you. The article will appear underneath each question.  1. What is the main idea of the whole reading?  Cell Phones: Help for Small Businesses in the Developing World        1 Small businesses are vital for a country’s economy. They are especially important for developing countries, where they are a significant source of jobs and tax revenue. Yet small businesses in the developing world face many challenges, such as the following:      • Oudry is a farmer who sells bananas in different villages. He wants to sell them where the demand for bananas is highest, so he can get the best price. However, the roads are very bad, and it takes all day to travel to one village market. He cannot visit all of the local markets, so he must decide where to go before he knows what the price will be.      • Simon repairs bicycles. When he repairs a bicycle, sometimes people don’t have money to pay him. They don’t use bank or credit cards. Instead, they may say, “My grandfather will pay. He lives in another village.” Sometimes it takes a long time for Simon to get his money.      • Anjali is very poor. Her husband does not earn very much money. She wants to earn money to assist him. However, because she has four young children to take care of and she has very little education, it will be difficult for her to find employment.      2 Is there a solution to these problems? For all of them, the key has been the cell phone. The number of cell phones in the developing world has increased dramatically. There are approximately 6 billion cell phones in the world, and the majority – almost 5 billion – are in the developing world. In India, more people have access to a cell phone than to a modern toilet. Cell phones have become central to the success of businesses in these countries, especially small businesses.       3 All over the developing world, farmers have increased their incomes by using their cell phones to send and receive information. Farmers like Oudry can find out which village has the best price for his bananas.       4 In many developing countries, it is difficult for consumers to pay someone who is far away. In Kenya, a company called M-Pesa allows people to pay with their cell phones. Instead of money, they pay with airtime. For example, if Simon repairs a boy’s bicycle, the boy’s grandfather can pay Simon with airtime even if he lives in a remote village. Simon can use the airtime, or he can pay someone else with it.       5 In Bangladesh, many women have supplemented their families’ income by selling milk or vegetables. In 1997, women like Anjali started selling airtime from their cell phones instead. They borrowed money from a bank to buy the phone, and they paid it back when they earned enough money. These innovations in cell-phone use have helped small businesses grow and have increased prosperity in many developing countries.

Use Coug Co.’s financial statements below to calculate their FCFE for 20X1:     Coug Co. Balance Sheet Assets 20×0 20×1 Current assets Cash $ 295 $ 340 Inventory $ 206 $ 210 Accounts Receivable $ 198 $ 243 Total CA $ 699 $ 793 LT Assets PP&E $ 1,190 $ 1,240 Accumulated Depreciation $ (280) $ (310) Net PP&E $ 910 $ 930 Total Assets $ 1,609 $ 1,723 Liabilities & Equity 20×0 20×1 Current Liabilities Accounts Payable $ 148 $ 166 Notes Payable $ 110 $ 80 Total CL $ 258 $ 246 Long-Term Debt $ 335 $ 360 Total Liabilities $ 593 $ 606 Owners’ Equity $ 1,016 $ 1,117 Total Liab. & Equity $ 1,609 $ 1,723   Coug Co. Income Statement 20×1 Revenue $ 1,548.00 COGS $ (423.00) Depreciation $ (388.00) EBIT $ 737.00 Interest Expense $ (124.00) EBT $ 613.00 Taxes $ (147.00) Net Income $ 466.00  

Ronnie’s Custom Cars purchased some fixed assets two years ago for $39,000. The salvage value at the end of the 5 years is $0. The assets are classified as five-year property for MACRS. What is Ronnie’s depreciation expense in year 3? Assume that the tax rate is 34%? MACRS 5-year property Year Rate 1 20.00% 2 32.00% 3 19.20% 4 11.52% 5 11.52% 6 5.76%