A nurse is educating a pregnant client about normal gastrointestinal adaptations during pregnancy and when symptoms warrant further evaluation. Which statements accurately reflect physiologic GI changes and their underlying mechanisms in pregnancy?Select all that apply.

A nurse is counseling a reproductive-age client recently diagnosed with genital herpes simplex virus infection. Which statements accurately reflect the epidemiology, transmission patterns, and clinical features of HSV infection in women?Select all that apply.

A client presents to the emergency department with sudden onset severe lower abdominal pain and reports that her last menstrual period was “lighter and about 10 days late.” She also reports right shoulder discomfort that worsens when lying flat. Vital signs reveal mild tachycardia and dizziness when standing. Vaginal bleeding is minimal. Which pathophysiologic mechanism best explains the shoulder pain in this clinical presentation?

A nurse is assessing a client on postpartum day 5 who is breastfeeding exclusively. The client reports increased urine output, lower insulin requirements compared with pregnancy, and effective milk production with each feeding. Which endocrine change most accurately explains this cluster of findings?

A nurse is caring for a client immediately after placental expulsion following a vaginal birth. The client has heavy vaginal bleeding, and assessment reveals a boggy uterine fundus displaced to the right. Vital signs show mild tachycardia, and large clots are noted. Which intervention should the nurse implement first to manage the client’s condition?

A nurse is participating in interprofessional care planning for a client scheduled for a cesarean birth in a facility that follows Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) recommendations. Which actions best reflect evidence-based, interprofessional ERAS-focused care for this client?Select all that apply.

A nurse is monitoring a term newborn during the first 8 hours after birth. Which findings are consistent with normal stages of transition to extrauterine life and do NOT indicate a pathologic adaptation disorder?Select all that apply.

A nurse is assessing a client during the early puerperium (first 72 hours postpartum) following a prolonged vaginal birth with epidural anesthesia. Which findings or physiologic explanations most accurately reflect normal postpartum urinary system adaptation while identifying risks that require nursing vigilance?Select all that apply.

A nurse is assessing a client 48 hours after cesarean birth following prolonged labor and rupture of membranes. The client reports pelvic pain, fatigue, and chills. Vital signs show temperature 38.6°C (101.5°F) and heart rate 112 beats/min. Lochia is profuse and foul-smelling, and the uterus is tender on palpation. Which nursing interpretation is most accurate?

A pregnant woman is newly diagnosed with diabetes at 28 weeks of gestation. She has no prior history of diabetes, but despite dietary modification, her fasting and postprandial glucose levels remain elevated, requiring insulin therapy for glycemic control. There is no evidence of end-organ disease. According to White’s classification, how should this pregnancy be classified?