Short Answer Instructions: (40% – 10 pts each)  PLEASE READ CAREFULLY  To complete this section, you must pick and answer ANY FOUR OUT OF THE TEN SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS below (4 out of 10). This means you get to choose ANY FOUR from the ten question options you see below. I highly encourage you to choose whichever four you feel most confident in answering **(ignore individual question point values for this section as they will be adjusted during grading – all ten question options are each worth 10 points). Short answers should be around 2-4 sentences, but it’s completely fine if they go a little over. Answers should provide the key information of who, what, where, when, and especially “why” the subject is historically significant. Try to include as much detail and specificity as you can and make sure you are answering all parts of the question. The expectation is that each of these short answer definition questions will take 8-10 minutes.

The heart is composed of a specific muscle type that functions without conscious thought. Which term best describes this type of muscle tissue?

What is/was the Equal Rights Amendment? How did it reshape debates over citizenship rights and protections?

A newborn develops hearing loss and developmental delay shortly after birth. Histologic examination demonstrates cells with large intranuclear inclusions as seen in this photo. Which virus is the most likely cause?

Long Essay Question Instructions (35% –  35 points) *Please read carefully  In this section, you will be given 1 question (see below) that you will be expected to answer in the form of an evidence-based essay that contains a MINIMUM of 5 paragraphs. This essay should take roughly 1/3 of the time allocated for the total exam and is worth 35% of your overall exam grade.  — PLEASE REMEMBER  that a GOOD ESSAY presents an overarching thesis/argument and a focused introduction; has clear transitions from one section to the next; uses specific examples/evidence for support and analyzes that evidence in relation to the overarching thesis of the essay; and has a conclusion that ties everything together concisely.

Multiple Choice Instructions: (25% – 2.5 points each)  To complete this section, you must answer ALL of the TEN MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (10 of 10).  Each question should only take you about one minute to a minute and a half to complete. If you get stuck on a question, it is best to circle it and come back to it once you have made your way through the entire exam.

  The topics that we will cover in this course can be found under link that says  

What is NOT an example of Radical Reconstruction?

In his “Letter from Birmingham Jail” (1963), Martin Luther King Jr. identifies which group as the greatest threat to the Black Freedom Struggle?

Using at least one specific example, explain the key causes of the political and social backlash that gripped American society in the post–World War II era. What were the consequences of this backlash?