Is the following non-deductive argument strong or weak? We have four suspects in our investigation into Mr. Body’s murder: Colonel Mustard, Mrs. Peacock, Ms. Scarlett, and Professor Plum. We learned that at the time of Mr. Body’s death, Colonel Mustard and Mrs. Peacock had accidentally locked themselves in the kitchen. That leaves only Ms. Scarlett and Professor Plum who could have entered the observatory to kill Mr. Body. We found ashes near the victim, but Mr. Body and Ms. Scarlett do not smoke. Professor Plum, on the other hand, regularly smokes a pipe. Thus, we conclude that it was Professor Plum who murdered Mr. Body (in the Observatory, with the lead pipe).

Informal Fallacies Pick your second favorite informal fallacy. Describe the fallacy and give an example. 

Identify the main connective in the following complex sentence of PL:   ~ (~ P → ~ (~ (Q ↔︎ R) v ~ S))

Is the following non-deductive argument strong or weak? Several peer-reviewed, scientific studies have shown that 1 out of every four people have bad breath. There are four people in this car. So one of us has bad breath. 

Sample Argument #2 – Representing as an argument Represent the following passage as an argument in PL. I will provide a translation key for the atomic sentences:  English Passage Water is either wet or dry, but not both. That is, if water is dry, then it is not wet, and if water is wet, then it is not dry. When something is dry and you add water to it, it makes it wet. On the other hand, it is not the case that adding water to water makes it wet. So water is wet. Translation Key Note, you may not need all of these constants to represent this argument. W = Water is wet. D = Water is dry. B = Fire is burnt. A = One adds water to a thing. S = One adds fire to a thing. M = That makes the thing wet. C = That makes the thing burnt.

Important: Use the essay question at the end to write down the page number where you found each answer.  And also write down the quote that you used to arrive at your answer.Use the essay area in the last question to indicate the page number where you located the answer for each question.  E.g.: Question 1 – 272, Question 2 – 275, etc.  You must also provide the quote(s) that you used to arrive at each answer.  To receive the extra credit you must do this! 

Evaluation of Sample Arguments #1 and #2 Were either of the previous two arguments sound?  If so, identify which one and explain why you believe it to be sound. If not, identify a problem with each argument that explains why you do not think that argument is sound. In either case, your explanation(s) need to explicitly reference the two requirements an argument must meet to be considered sound. 

Section One The first section of this test (Questions 1-18) features multiple choice questions related to much of the material covered since the Midterm Exam. That includes: Objecting to Normative Arguments Propositional Logic The basics – Atomic Sentences, Logical Connectives, etc. Complex sentences Truth tables  Non-Deductive Arguments Questions are worth 2 – 5 points each, for a total of 60 points.

What does the author conclude about Kant and absolute moral rules?

Which term describes a protein that catalyzes a specific type of chemical reaction?