Systole means ______________________.

The valve that prevents backflow from the left ventricle to the left atrium is the ___________________.

Which ion is involved in repolarization?

During the cardiac cycle, after the period of relaxation, which area contracts first?

Match the heart sound to the explanation.

Follow the instructions carefully.   First type the letter from the picture and name the wave that it indicates.  Next to that tell what causes that wave/what is happening.  Be thorough to receive full credit. (You can group B, C, and D together.)

Changes in the strength of contraction caused by factors like the number of calcium ions is called:

The backflow pressure from the pulmonary trunk and the aorta is the:

Explain how hypertension can contribute to congestive heart failure.  You need to include the information about cardiac output and the physiological process for full credit.

Which of the following are types of distributive shock?