According to Kant, what makes a “good will” good is it’s

According to Bernard Williams, part of what is wrong with consequentialism is that it

Since, Seneca reasons, anger is not in accord with nature, punishment or correction is

According to the Stoics, preferred things are good in the sense that they are useful and contribute to living in agreement with nature, and are therefore necessary for virtue. 

Human law is defined by Aquinas as

According to Ayer, the proper function of normative ethics terms (e.g., “right, “wrong,” “good,” “bad,” “ought,” “should,” etc.) is to

Aristotle claims that moderation is the virtue that governs

In “Against Utilitarianism,” Bernard Williams defines the principle of impartiality to mean that

Kant’s first formulation of the categorical imperative is: I ought never to act except in such a way that I could also will that my maxim should

According to Kant, an action done from duty has its moral worth in the