If DNA damage to a cell is significant and is unable to be repaired, that cell should turn on [Fill-in-the-Blank] to prevent it from becoming a cancer cell.

True or False.  All cyclins are constitutively expressed in our cells.

If your answer to Question 1 was “Biological age would be younger than chronological age” what factors do you think influence this?

Which of the following is NOT true of biological age?

If it is determined that aging is a genetic process that could be controlled by genetic manipulation would you consider being genetically manipulated to live longer? Why or why not?

If your answer to Question 1 was “I think my biological age would be the same as my chronological age” what factors do you think influence this?

Seymour Benzer successfully identified several genes involved in complex behaviors, such as circadian rhythm, learning, and memory. Which of the statements below are true regarding why he was so successful? He was able to develop very complex assays that could detect nuances in behavior. [1] He could take complex behavior and reduce it to a much simpler, experimentally tractable behavior. [2] He took a big data approach rather than a forward genetic approach. [3]

[1]  is all the changes that occur over the course of life-grow, develop, and mature. Research has provided several pieces of evidence that genetics plays a role in this process. In 1980, scientists found the first gene to affect the lifespan in C. elegans. This gene was [2] and was found to be involved in the insulin/IGF-1 (insulin growth factor-1) pathway. In 1993, a single gene mutation mutation in daf-2 in C. elegans [3] their lifespan. The daf-2 gene encodes for a receptor protein similar to the [4] receptor in humans. This pathway is a highly conserved evolutionary pathway that is now known to regulate aging, stress resistance, metabolism, and development. When studying aging [5] refers to the the actual amount of time a person has been alive, while [6] refers to how old a person seems, that takes lifestyle factors into consideration including diet, exercise , and sleeping habits, etc. 

A recent study from Penn State found that Period 1 plays two important roles in the brain, both to regulate the circadian clock and in memory formation. 

Which of the following is FALSE in regards to the regulatory processes for GMO’s in the US compared to the European Union (EU)?