Imagine yourself working as a speech-language pathologist.  You have been asked to estimate the intelligibility of a 4-year-old child with a speech sound disorder on your caseload.  Name two quantitative tools/measures that you can use to estimate the child’s intelligibility, and name two variables that might affect intelligibility that are not captured with these tools.

You’ve stepped into the early 1900s Fly Room at Columbia University, where Thomas Hunt Morgan proudly shows you his white-eyed male fruit fly—the oddball mutant that launched a revolution. After a series of crosses, Morgan notices something strange: the white-eye trait appears only in males of the F₂ generation, and the inheritance pattern makes sense only when he tracks the behavior of chromosomes themselves. Which conclusions from Morgan’s experiments fundamentally advanced genetics?  

Mendel described the Law of Segregation and the Law of Independent Assortment long before chromosomes were known! According to the chromosomal theory of inheritance, which meiotic events physically explain these two laws? Select all that apply.

In a strain of mice, the recessive allele d causes deafness. A heterozygous female (Dd) is crossed with a normal male (D Y). Half of the male offspring are deaf, but none of the female offspring are. Which chromosome location best explains this pattern?

Using the linkage map, which pairs of alleles would you expect to behave as if they assort independently in fruit flies? Select all that apply.  

A student claims calico cat color patches form because the alleles “blend like paint.” What actually causes the patchwork pattern in calico cats?  

Match each recombination frequency with the most reasonable interpretation.

Abrupt discontinuation of which mood stabilizer has the potential to result in seizure? 

Considering the role of the amygdala, which class of medication is most associated with reducing hyperactivity of this region of the brain? 

Which behavioral strategy is most likely to help increase morning cortisol levels and improve alertness upon waking?