Magnesium plays a major role in blood pressure regulation. 

The preferred components of the course of treatment for a patient with head and neck cancer include which of the following:

John, a 20 year old male, is admitted to the hospital with a persistent cough and shortness of breath after being diagnosed with acute bronchitis a month ago. His family noticed he began coughing on solid food several days ago so he has been eating solid foods and soups. In the hospital, he was found to have atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure with significant edema/swelling in his extremities and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. During a clinical swallow evaluation, John continued to cough on solids textures but did not cough with liquids and purees. He was unable to pass the 3 oz water challenge using the Yale Swallow Protocol.  Upon further assessment, no penetration or aspiration was noted with thin liquids and purees. However, John demonstrated mildly decreased pharyngeal constriction, decreased cricopharyngeal opening resulting in decreased flow of the bolus through to the upper esophagus, resulting in residue along the posterior pharyngeal wall and residue in the pyriform sinuses after the swallow. Which of the following would you recommend as most appropriate to address John’s decreased pharyngeal constriction?

Primary muscle of labial seal.

The leading cause of head and neck cancer discussed in the head and neck cancer lecture is:

John, a 20 year old male, is admitted to the hospital with a persistent cough and shortness of breath after being diagnosed with acute bronchitis a month ago. His family noticed he began coughing on solid food several days ago so he has been eating solid foods and soups. In the hospital, he was found to have atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure with significant edema/swelling in his extremities and systemic inflammatory response syndrome. During a clinical swallow evaluation, John continued to cough on solids textures but did not cough with liquids and purees. He was unable to pass the 3 oz water challenge using the Yale Swallow Protocol.  Upon further assessment, no penetration or aspiration was noted with thin liquids and purees. However, John demonstrated mildly decreased pharyngeal constriction, decreased cricopharyngeal opening resulting in decreased flow of the bolus through to the upper esophagus, resulting in residue along the posterior pharyngeal wall and residue in the pyriform sinuses after the swallow. Which of the following would you recommend as most appropriate to address John’s decreased cricopharyngeal opening?

The precancerous condition of the esophagus caused by chronic reflux is called Benedict’s Esophagus.

Match the following terms to their most appropriate definition:

With head rotation (postural technique) to the weak side, the bolus is directed down the strong side of the pharynx.

Which muscle is the primary muscle of lingual protrusion.