“The relationship between the face of a calculus removal instrument and the tooth surface to which it is applied” is a definition for which of the following?

Which of the following are design characteristics of a universal curet?1) Face is perpendicular to the lower shank2) Face off set at 70 to 80 degrees to lower shank3) One cutting edge per working-end4) Two cutting edges per working-end

While working on the facial surface of a molar, you notice that the terminal shank is “down and around” the tooth. What should you do in this situation?

Modifiable risk factors for periodontal disease include which of the following? You may select more than one answer. (Select all that apply.)

In preparation for inserting the working-end beneath the gingival margin on the facial aspect of a molar tooth, the clinician should do which of the following?

Xerostomia can have a negative impact on the periodontium and is associated with more than 500 medications. From the following list select the drug group that can have a beneficial effect on the periodontium.

Local risk factors increase the likelihood of associated periodontal inflammation due to plaque biofilm retention. The pathogenicity of the protected plaque biofilm increases as the colony matures.

How many teeth are in each quadrant of primary dentition?

The longer oral biofilm remains undisturbed, the greater is its pathologic potential. In periodontal disease there is a shift in oral biofilm bacteria to higher portions of gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria.

Which is a caries risk factor?