Compensatory damages include:

The Eggshell Plaintiff Theory protects a tortfeasor from liability if the plaintiff is particularly sensitive or susceptible to injury.

Actual cause is assessed by using one of two tests: the but-for test or the substantial factor test.

Aaron and his son are hit by a negligent driver while crossing the street. Aaron suffers only a concussion as a result. He is taken to the hospital via ambulance and placed under medical supervision for three days, during which he cannot work. Aaron’s 17 year old son is killed. What types of damages are available in this instance?

Explain the concept of Res Ipsa Loquiter and give a simple example in which it might apply?

Christine is a property owner. She has a historical home, and on her property there is an abandoned well. She places 1/4-inch-thick wooden boards over the well, but she does not mark the well, which is level with the surrounding ground. If her friend Heidi comes onto her property and falls through the boards, will Christine be found negligent? If so, why?

Sally bumps into Sue when reading her emails while she is walking along a sidewalk. The bump causes Sue to fall off the curb and into oncoming traffic where she is hit by an oncoming car driven by Bill. Sally suffers a broken leg and is unable to work for three weeks. What recourse does Sally have?

While walking down a busy street, Alex accidentally bumps into Ben, causing Ben to spill his coffee on his new suit. Ben, enraged, grabs Alex by the collar and yells, ‘You better watch where you’re going!’ before releasing him. Does Ben’s actions constitute an intentional tort, specifically assault, and if so, why or why not?

Define “negligence per se.”

Define “gross negligence.”