__________ parenting predicts the poorest grades and worsening school performance over time.

Teenage alcohol and drug use rates in the United States have __________ since the mid-1990s.

In Piaget’s theory, during __________, toddlers use their current schemes to interpret the external world.

As Sunni plays, she says: “Where’s the cup? I want the cup. Oh, there it is. Now, I need the spoon.” Sunni is engaging in what researchers now call __________ speech.

Between 6 and 12 years of age, gains in __________ lead to quicker and more accurate movements.

Fathers must work harder to build an attachment with their exclusively breastfed infants because research suggests that feeding is the primary mechanism of attachment. 

According to Erikson, the psychological conflict of the first year is

After being gently scolded for taking a toy away from his cousin, 20-month-old Rainer lowers his eyes, hangs his head, and hides his face with his hands. Rainer is expressing

Television viewing should be limited for children under 18 months old except for high quality children’s programming with demonstrated educational value. 

In a series of studies using the violation-of-expectation method, Renée Baillargeon and her collaborators claimed to have found evidence for __________ in the first few months of life.