Determine the maximum axial strength φPn,max for the following tied column.Column width, b = 24 in.Column thickness, h = 28 in.Number of longitudinal bars = 8Size of longitudinal bars = No. 8Size of ties = No. 3Concrete strength = 8,000 psiYield strength of longitudinal bars = 60,000 psiYield strength of ties = 40,000 psi

Tied columns cannot be circular-shaped.

Determine the maximum axial strength φPn,max for the following tied column.Column width, b = 26 in.Column thickness, h = 12 in.Number of longitudinal bars = 10Size of longitudinal bars = No. 6Size of ties = No. 4Concrete strength = 4,500 psiYield strength of longitudinal bars = 60,000 psiYield strength of ties = 40,000 psi

Because the designer has little control over the arrangement of the bars in a circular column, the interaction diagram should be computed for the least favorable bar orientation.

Columns with spirals generally exhibits more ductility than columns without spirals.

Determine the maximum axial strength φPn,max for the following tied column.Column width, b = 26 in.Column thickness, h = 14 in.Number of longitudinal bars = 6Size of longitudinal bars = No. 7Size of ties = No. 3Concrete strength = 9,000 psiYield strength of longitudinal bars = 60,000 psiYield strength of ties = 40,000 psi

Compression-controlled failures of spiral columns have a strength-reduction factor of _____.

When a column is under compression, the column shortens and expands laterally.

Determine the required splice length for the galvanized longitudinal bars in the following tied column made of normal-weight concrete. Assume that some of the longitudinal bars are in tension and that the connection should be designed as a Class B contact lap splice. Use ACI 318-14 Table 25.4.2.2 to calculate the development length, and assume that the ties satisfy the Code minimum.Column width, b = 20 in.Column thickness, h = 28 in.Clear cover to ties = 1.5 in.Number of longitudinal bars = 10Size of longitudinal bars = No. 10Size of ties = No. 3Concrete strength = 8,500 psiYield strength of longitudinal bars = 60,000 psiYield strength of ties = 40,000 psi

Determine the required splice length for the galvanized longitudinal bars in the following tied column made of lightweight concrete. Assume that some of the longitudinal bars are in tension and that the connection should be designed as a Class B contact lap splice. Use ACI 318-14 Table 25.4.2.2 to calculate the development length, and assume that the ties satisfy the Code minimum.Column width, b = 28 in.Column thickness, h = 26 in.Clear cover to ties = 1.5 in.Number of longitudinal bars = 12Size of longitudinal bars = No. 6Size of ties = No. 3Concrete strength = 5,000 psiYield strength of longitudinal bars = 60,000 psiYield strength of ties = 40,000 psi