A wall footing has the following conditions. Determine the required cross-sectional area of shrinkage and temperature reinforcement. Assume the footing is 6 ft wide, the pressure that acts on the bottom of the footing is 4,533 psf, and the reinforcement is a #6 bar spaced every 12 inches.The bottom of the footing is at a depth of 4 ft below grade.The service dead load is 12 kips/ft, and the service live load is 8 kips/ft.The wall is 16 in. thick.The footing is 16 in. thick.The allowable soil pressure, qa, is 4,300 psf.The soil has a density of 125 lb/ft3.The concrete has a density of 150 lb/ft3.The concrete cover has a thickness of 3 in.f’c = 3,400 psi and fy = 60,000 psi.

A wall footing has the following conditions. Determine the minimum cross-sectional area of the reinforcement. Assume the footing is 3 ft wide and the pressure that acts on the bottom of the footing is 7,333 psf.The bottom of the footing is at a depth of 3 ft below grade.The service dead load is 9 kips/ft, and the service live load is 7 kips/ft.The wall is 16 in. thick.The footing is 10 in. thick.The allowable soil pressure, qa, is 5,700 psf.The soil has a density of 120 lb/ft3.The concrete has a density of 150 lb/ft3.The concrete cover has a thickness of 3 in.f’c = 4,000 psi and fy = 60,000 psi.

In seismic regions, column ties are heavier and much more closely spaced than ties in nonseismic regions.

A wall footing has the following conditions. Determine the minimum width of the footing.The bottom of the footing is at a depth of 3 ft below grade.The service dead load is 13 kips/ft, and the service live load is 7 kips/ft.The wall is 14 in. thick.The footing is 16 in. thick.The allowable soil pressure, qa, is 6,000 psf.The soil has a density of 115 lb/ft3.The concrete has a density of 150 lb/ft3.The concrete cover has a thickness of 3 in.f’c = 3,900 psi and fy = 60,000 psi.

A wall footing has the following conditions. Determine the minimum cross-sectional area of the reinforcement. Assume the footing is 6 ft wide and the pressure that acts on the bottom of the footing is 4,200 psf.The bottom of the footing is at a depth of 3 ft below grade.The service dead load is 13 kips/ft, and the service live load is 6 kips/ft.The wall is 16 in. thick.The footing is 14 in. thick.The allowable soil pressure, qa, is 4,100 psf.The soil has a density of 125 lb/ft3.The concrete has a density of 150 lb/ft3.The concrete cover has a thickness of 3 in.f’c = 3,700 psi and fy = 60,000 psi.

A wall footing has the following conditions. Determine how much greater the factored load is than the unfactored load.The bottom of the footing is at a depth of 2 ft below grade.The service dead load is 9.7 kips/ft, and the service live load is 6.6 kips/ft.The wall is 16 in. thick.The footing is 12 in. thick.The allowable soil pressure, qa, is 5,100 psf.The soil has a density of 110 lb/ft3.The concrete has a density of 150 lb/ft3.The concrete cover has a thickness of 3 in.f’c = 3,500 psi and fy = 60,000 psi.

What is the strength-reduction factor, φ, for spiral columns?

A wall footing has the following conditions. Determine the pressure that acts on the bottom of the footing. Assume the footing is 4 ft wide.The bottom of the footing is at a depth of 4 ft below grade.The service dead load is 11.2 kips/ft, and the service live load is 6.8 kips/ft.The wall is 10 in. thick.The footing is 16 in. thick.The allowable soil pressure, qa, is 5,600 psf.The soil has a density of 130 lb/ft3.The concrete has a density of 150 lb/ft3.The concrete cover has a thickness of 3 in.f’c = 3,500 psi and fy = 60,000 psi.

A wall footing has the following conditions. Determine the minimum cross-sectional area of the reinforcement. Assume the footing is 5 ft wide and the pressure that acts on the bottom of the footing is 6,160 psf.The bottom of the footing is at a depth of 2 ft below grade.The service dead load is 15 kips/ft, and the service live load is 8 kips/ft.The wall is 14 in. thick.The footing is 16 in. thick.The allowable soil pressure, qa, is 4,900 psf.The soil has a density of 110 lb/ft3.The concrete has a density of 150 lb/ft3.The concrete cover has a thickness of 3 in.f’c = 3,000 psi and fy = 60,000 psi.

A wall footing has the following conditions. Determine the required cross-sectional area of shrinkage and temperature reinforcement. Assume the footing is 4 ft wide, the pressure that acts on the bottom of the footing is 5,000 psf, and the reinforcement is a #6 bar spaced every 12 inches.The bottom of the footing is at a depth of 3 ft below grade.The service dead load is 6 kips/ft, and the service live load is 8 kips/ft.The wall is 12 in. thick.The footing is 14 in. thick.The allowable soil pressure, qa, is 4,900 psf.The soil has a density of 120 lb/ft3.The concrete has a density of 150 lb/ft3.The concrete cover has a thickness of 3 in.f’c = 3,000 psi and fy = 60,000 psi.