Which of the following are ineffective ways to prevent delirium during hospitalization? Select all that apply.

A 50-year-old female patient presents with chronic low back pain that has been present for several months. She has tried over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) without significant relief. What is the next appropriate step in managing this patient’s persistent pain?

A provider reviews labs for a patient. Which laboratory finding is commonly seen in older patients with anemia or chronic disease?

A 62-year-old female patient has been experiencing persistent neuropathic pain in her lower extremities for the past year. The pain is described as burning and shooting, and it significantly affects her quality of life. Which medication would be the most appropriate for managing her persistent neuropathic pain?

A 60-year-old male presents with a non-healing, ulcerated lesion on the side of his tongue. The lesion is indurated and measures 2 cm in diameter. On examination, there are palpable cervical lymph nodes on the same side of the neck. Based on these findings, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 75-year-old patient with advanced dementia is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. The patient’s family expresses concern about aggressive treatment measures. What should be the nurse practitioner’s initial approach to establishing goals of care?

Which of the following best describes the application of telemedicine in healthcare?

A 65-year-old patient presents to a nurse practitioner with exertional dyspnea and a harsh systolic murmur heard best at the second right intercostal space. The nurse practitioner suspects aortic stenosis based on the clinical findings.     What is the most appropriate diagnostic test for confirming the diagnosis?

A 38 year-old male patient presents with complaint of dull, achy abdominal pain. Upon assessment, you determine that the patient is poorly localized. What is the likely source of the pain?

What factors play a role in older adults contributing to higher health care costs?