A client with COPD presents to the emergency department with difficulty breathing. Physical exam reveals bluish skin and mucous membranes. What term would the nurse use to describe this condition?

What type of diet would the nurse educate clients with COPD to follow to avoid worsening acidosis? 

During a respiratory assessment of an infant with respiratory distress syndrome, the nurse notices the baby using the supraclavicular and intercostal muscles during inspiration. How would the nurse document this observation? 

An adult presents with dyspnea; rapid, shallow breathing; inspiratory crackles; decreased lung compliance; and hypoxemia. Tests reveal a form of respiratory failure characterized by acute lung inflammation and diffuse alveolocapillary injury. What is the most likely diagnosis supported by the client’s condition?

What is the role of aldosterone in the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)?

A client’s arterial blood gas results are as follows: pH 7.55, PCO2 40 mmHg, HCO3 35 mEq/L. How does the nurse interpret the acid-base balance?

Laboratory studies of an adult reveal the following: Sodium = 110 mEq/L, Chloride = 85 mEq/L, Potassium = 4.8 mEq/L, Calcium = 9.2 mEq/L.  How would the nurse interpret the above results?

A newborn who was born prematurely has respiratory distress syndrome. What is the reason he developed atelectasis?

An adult male complains to his physician that he’s had a cold for a week and is coughing up bloody secretions. What term would the nurse use to describe this condition?

Which of the following has the highest risk factor for Down Syndrome?