Composers during the 20th century invented their own instruments while others electronically transformed instrumental sounds. 

Many artists continue the tradition that started in the Romantic era where they dedicate their album to a single theme (like a break-up, a special time in their life, a traumatic event, etc.) This is known as a ____________, or a group of songs that treat a single theme or tell a story. 

Composer _____________ became obsessed with a lead actress in Shakespeare’s plays and wrote letters to her, longing for her love in return. Unfortunately, she did not love him back, resulting in him developing violent mood swings (manic depression). 

John Philip Sousa’s __________ is known as the official national march of the United States. 

In the 1930s, _________ were mid-to large-size ensembles that played swing. 

Composer Arnold Schoenberg invented a new style of singing called ____________ which is a kind of half-singing, half-speaking where the singer only approximates singing exact pitches.

Jazz was the thread that wove the new and diverse cultures together, and this music was _________, meaning that much of the music was created on the spot during performances. 

_____________ was a famous Romantic composer who started showing signs of psychosis and, after a suicide attempt, was taken to an asylum. Although one of the more progressive hospitals of its day, this asylum did not allow visits from close relatives, so his wife would not see her husband for over two years, and then only in the two days before his death.

If silence is the “absence of sound,” then ____________ is “indiscriminate” or “indistinguishable” sound, in which it is impossible to tell the pitches or what instruments are playing.

___________, __________, and ___________ were prominent in literature, art, and music during the Romantic era.